How to raise black fish culture techniques and matters needing attention

Black fish has the laudatory name of "treasures of fish", is a kind of freshwater precious fish. For a long time, black fish has been loved by everyone, thinking that it is a kind of health food with comprehensive nutrition and delicious meat taste, and it is often used as a recovery food after illness. At present, the number of people who breed black fish is also increasing day by day. If you want to join this aquaculture industry, you still need to master certain skills.

How to raise black fish

1. Pond conditions

The area of the fish pond should be 10 mu, the water depth is about 2 meters, and the ridge of the pond is 50 centimeters above the water surface. Bamboo fences or nets are used as anti-escape walls around the pond to prevent black fish from escaping when the ground is slippery in the rainy season. The water source should be adequate, the water quality should be fresh, the dissolved oxygen content in the pool water should be more than 5 mg / L, and the transparency should be more than 30 cm.

2. Pond disinfection

Half a month before the fish is released, the pond is thoroughly cleaned and disinfected with quicklime. After an interval of 3 days, fresh water is injected into the fish with a depth of 1.0 meters. After the toxicity disappears, the fish can be put into the water.

3. Fish restocking

Fish stocking must be comprehensively considered according to the local actual situation, and a good stocking plan must be made in order to obtain the best breeding effect. The black fish are released in early July.

4. Feed feeding

Black fish feed is divided into two kinds, one is the fresh animal feed based on small wild miscellaneous fish, and the other is artificial formula feed: floating pellets, hard granules and powdered ingredients. At present, the composition of artificial compound feed for Ophiocephalus Argus has not been completely solved. Factor H, an active substance needed for the growth of carnivorous fish, exists in fresh animal tissue, but not in fish meal.

Techniques and matters needing attention in black fish culture

I. Culture technology

1. Pond construction: choose the east-west direction, rectangular pond, the bottom of the pond is soil, the pond depth is 2-2.5 meters, the water depth is 1.5-2 meters, the drainage needs to be equipped with anti-escape facilities, and 100-150 kg / mu of quicklime is thoroughly disinfected 15 days before breeding.

2. Fish stocking: before entering the pond, the fish should be soaked in 3% of the salt water of 5% for 10-15 minutes, and then put into the pond. The fish species with a body length of 10-14 cm have a stocking density of 9000-10000 fish per mu and 16-20 cm, with a stocking density of 8000 fish / mu.

3. Daily management: pay attention to observe the feeding, activities, morbidity trend and environmental changes of black fish. Change the pool water 4 times a week in spring, a small change every 3 days in the high temperature season, a big change every 7 days, enter and drain to catch the escape net, and the pool ridge is more than 50 cm above the surface of the water. For the discharged sewage, the necessary sewage treatment should be carried out.

4. Feed feeding: feed for black fish, including artificial compound feed, small miscellaneous fish of fresh water or sea water, and scraps of livestock and poultry after slaughter. Before feeding, small miscellaneous fish need to be sorted to remove fish with hard spines, such as Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Before feeding, use slapping as a signal to concentrate distant fish near the bait table to reduce feed waste. The initial feeding amount is 10% of body weight, and then it can be appropriately reduced to about 5% of body weight. It should be fed with one spoonful, so that the waste of feed is less. Feeding should be based on the "four fixed" principle, and 3-4 feeding points should be selected for each pond.

II. Points for attention

Black fish have a large diet and a lot of excrement, which can fatten the pond water in a short time. Fertilizer and water will cause plankton to multiply in large numbers, thus making the pond water anoxic.

Common diseases of black fish

1. Hemorrhagic disease

Symptoms: there are bleeding stripes on both sides of the body wall near the base of the pectoral fin and the posterior edge of the operculum. There are bleeding symptoms, a large number of deaths occur in 3-4 days, and easy to break out in June-September.

Prevention and treatment: clear the pond thoroughly after winter fishing, disinfect the bait fish with salt water before feeding, sprinkle with formalin in the whole pool to make the water concentration up to 20-30ml / m3, or sprinkle the whole pool with chlorine dioxide solution to make the pond water concentration up to 0.5g / m3, repeat once after 4-6 days. Oral Yufukang No. 2 or Yuxue Powder or Yuxuekangtai can be taken orally, and the dosage is used according to the instructions.

2. Red skin disease

Symptoms: local bleeding on the fish body surface, fish scales falling off, especially on both sides of the abdomen, there is fin decay, the fish move slowly, sick fish often float on the surface, weak. Often secondary to water mildew, until death.

Prevention and treatment: thoroughly clean the pond with quicklime to avoid damage to the fish; disinfect the fish with 0.5 mg / L of Xiaoling or other chlorine-containing disinfectants, such as trichloroisocyanuric acid, sodium dichloroisocyanurate, chlorine dioxide, etc.; take orally Yushikang and Yuxuekang, 250 grams of reusable medicine per 100 kg of fish or according to the instructions, mix into the feed and feed for 3-5 days.

Artificial propagation of black fish

The main results are as follows: 1. Parent fish selection: the quality of black fish parent fish is the key factor of artificial reproduction, and it is more suitable for individuals with an age of more than 2 years and a weight of 1500 grams. Parent fish that have reached sexual maturity, disease-free, disease-free, large and good growth performance should be selected.

2, parent fish pairing: black fish parent fish are paired according to 1:1 and put directly into the spawning pond to wait for natural spawning. The suitable spawning pool area is 0.1mu, and the best depth of the bottom is 1m deep and 0.3m shallow. Grass is planted or thrown in the pond, and the transparency of thin water is better.

3. Artificial induction of labor: the artificial induction of labor of black fish should choose the degree of gonadal development at the end of Ⅳ, the water temperature is 25-28 ℃, and the general time is from late May to mid-June. Chorionic gonadotropin and pituitary gland of common carp have better effect.

This is the end of the black fish culture technology. I hope it will be helpful to everyone. Black fish culture is relatively simple, but we must pay attention to water quality problems in the culture process, so as not to affect the growth of black fish.