Culture conditions of Macrobrachium rosenbergii

The Macrobrachium rosenbergii farm needs to be built in a place with flat terrain and convenient power supply, the suitable width of the shrimp pond is 40-60 meters, the water depth is about 1.5 meters, and an eating platform with a width of not less than 2 meters needs to be built, and the culture soil can choose loam and clay, using pollution-free lake and river water as the water source, the dissolved oxygen in the pond should be kept at 3-5 mg / L, PH 7-8.5, and water temperature 25-30 ℃. Auxiliary facilities need to be equipped during this period.

I. Geographic location and soil quality

1. Geographical location

Shrimp farms need to be built in places where the topography is stable, the terrain is flat, the water source is adequate, the water quality is suitable and the power supply is convenient.

2. Soil quality

The soil of shrimp ponds is mainly loam and clay, and sandy soil is not suitable for use, because clayey soil is easy to hardening, poor ventilation and not easy to leak water. This kind of soil has good water retention performance. Nutrients in the water are not easy to leakage, which is conducive to the reproduction and growth of bait organisms in the water, and can keep the pond water fat and thin, promote the growth and development of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, while sandy soil is easy to leakage and collapse. Therefore, it is not conducive to the normal growth of Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

II. Water sources and water quality

1. Water source

Macrobrachium rosenbergii has a high demand for water, so it is necessary to choose non-polluting lake water and river water as the source of water, because this kind of water is rich in dissolved oxygen and the water quality is relatively fat, so it is very suitable for the robust growth of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, and it also meets the requirements of high-density culture of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. In order to prevent industrial wastewater, domestic sewage and harmful agricultural medicine water from rice fields from causing harm to Macrobrachium rosenbergii, when building shrimp farms, It is necessary to have a full understanding of the surrounding water environment.

2. Water quality

The water quality index of high-yield shrimp ponds requires that the dissolved oxygen content should be kept above 3-5 mg / L, the PH value should be 7-8.5, the total hardness should be less than 100mg / L, and in the salty fresh water with salinity below 12%, Macrobrachium rosenbergii can grow and develop normally, but can not stand the low temperature below 14 ℃, and the suitable water temperature for growth is 25-30 ℃, in which the contents of copper, mercury, zinc and other heavy metal ions. It is necessary to meet the water quality standards of fishery waters stipulated by the state.

III. Structure of shrimp ponds

1. Shape

Shrimp ponds can be built to grow square, east-west length, north-south width, the ratio of length to width is about (4-6): 1, and according to the topography, shrimp pond specifications, shrimp farm layout, the suitable width is generally 40-60m.

2. Area

The construction area of shrimp ponds is relatively small, which will lead to unstable water quality, and too large construction area will be not conducive to production operation and management. therefore, 3-5 mu of shrimp ponds and 8-10 mu of shrimp-fish mixed culture ponds are suitable for shrimp ponds. This construction area is conducive to enhance the dissolved oxygen in the pond water, and can also maintain the stability of the water environment.

3. Water depth

The water depth of the shrimp pond can be about 1.5m, the ridge of the pond needs to have a certain slope, there should be a shrimp collecting ditch in the center of the shrimp pond, and there can be higher aquatic plants, benthos, epiphytic algae and so on. These species can regulate the water quality, and can also be used as bait and hiding places for shrimp.

4. Feeding table

Intensive shrimp ponds mainly rely on artificial feeding, so it is necessary to build a feeding platform. We can choose the pond with a long foot of the beach and build a feeding platform with a width of not less than 2m at 40-80cm below the water surface for Macrobrachium rosenbergii to feed.

IV. Ancillary facilities

Auxiliary facilities include pumps, aerators, vehicles, cold storage, power facilities, high and low voltage lines, usually equipped with 8 kilowatts of electricity per hectare, as well as warehouses for storing raw materials, feed and net gear. Usually 150 mu of shrimp farms need to build a warehouse with a capacity of 20 tons.