Construction standard of beef cattle farm

Site selection: the site should be built in places with good drainage conditions, good ventilation and high terrain, away from factories and product trading markets, and more than 500m from the main traffic lines and drinking water sources. Site conditions: stable electric power, sufficient water, fresh air and convenient transportation. Site area: silage ponds, forage sheds, epidemic prevention facilities, field roads and dung treatment facilities need to be built, and the layout can be reasonably planned according to the scale of the farm.

I. the basic principles of site selection

1. Site selection

(1) the breeding farm should be selected in a place with high terrain, good ventilation, convenient drainage and easy epidemic prevention.

(2) the breeding area should be away from slaughterhouses, tanneries, mining plants, large-scale chemical plants and other product trading markets, and more than 500m away from domestic and drinking water sources, main transportation lines, residential areas and other livestock slaughtering and processing trading places.

2. Site conditions

(1) Water quality: the water quality should meet the requirements of NY5027-2001, and the water source is stable and adequate.

(2) Air: the air quality in the farm area should meet the requirements of GB/T18403 and-2001.

(3) electricity consumption: ensure adequate power supply and reserve generating units.

(4) Road: the traffic is convenient and you can enter the venue directly.

3. Site area

(1) fattening cattle: the construction area of silage ponds, forage sheds, epidemic prevention facilities, roads and dung treatment facilities is about 6-9 square meters, and the area of the cowshed is about 6 square meters, totaling about 12-15 square meters.

(2) self-breeding cattle farms: generally, adult cattle occupy an area of about 15-20 square meters, calves about 5-10 square meters, and breeding cattle about 10-15 square meters. In addition, breeding cattle, calves and calves also need a certain area of sports ground. Therefore, the construction area of adult cattle is about 25 square meters, calves is about 20 square meters, and breeding cattle is about 13 square meters.

(3) complete fattening cattle farm: 1000 cattle, except for the construction area of the sports ground is about 12000 square meters, the general construction area accounts for about 15-20% of the cattle farm area, so the total area of the cattle farm is about 6000-8000 square meters.

2. Methods of feeding and management of beef cattle

The main results are as follows: 1. in order to facilitate management and arrangement, house-fed beef cattle are generally fed about twice a day, but the study shows that the feeding times should be increased appropriately and the eating time should be prolonged, which is beneficial to reduce the lean meat content of ketone body.

2. Beef cattle are mainly fed with barley and corn. Under the same conditions of other feeds, the taste of beef cattle fed with barley is better.

3. In order to improve the taste of beef cattle, an appropriate amount of enzymes, such as lignin or cellulase, can be added to the diet of beef cattle.

4. Poultry feces are rich in protein and can be used as feed for beef cattle after drying and disinfection.

5. The commonly used feed additive for beef cattle is rumen. In order to improve the feed utilization rate, 300 kg of rumen can be added to each head every day.