Planting techniques of Dahongpao Zanthoxylum bungeanum

Dahongpao Zanthoxylum bungeanum is a kind of pepper variety with strong resistance, which is planted in many areas of our country, and the current price is relatively expensive, so it has a certain planting prospect. What are the planting techniques of Dahongpao Zanthoxylum bungeanum?

1. Seed selection

The selected mother tree must be a fruit tree with strong growth, high fruiting, high and stable yield, good quality and free of diseases and insect pests, which is generally 10-15 years old. If it is a seed, it can be harvested when the fruit coat is all crimson, the seed coat becomes blue-black and there is light. The seeds are usually collected in the first ten days of August. Then after harvest, put the pepper on a thin layer to dry. When the pericarp is cracked, gently tap the seeds with a stick and place them in a ventilated and dry place to dry in the shade to prepare for seedling breeding.

2. Sowing and raising seedlings

The main results are as follows: (1) sowing time: from the early and middle of October to before the soil is frozen. The seed overwintering in the soil not only accelerates the germination but also avoids the seed storage process during the overwintering, and the seedling emergence is neat and 10-15 days earlier than that of spring sowing.

(2) sowing method: in the finished border (border width 1 m, length 5-10 m), the seeds selected by water were scattered evenly on the border surface, then covered with fine soil 1cm thick, and then covered with straw to keep the seedling bed moist, and then removed after emergence. Sow selected seeds about 30kg per mu.

(3) Seedling stage management: weeding should be carried out in time after emergence, and grass famine should be strictly prevented to facilitate seedling growth. When the seedlings were as high as 4-5cm and had 3-4 true leaves, the seedlings were interspersed. The seedlings were fixed when the height of the seedlings was about 10cm, leaving about 30 000 seedlings per mu.

Irrigation should be made in time at seedling stage, urea 5-10kg per mu should be applied combined with irrigation, and fertilizer and water should be controlled in the later stage of growth. When too many seedlings grow up in Rain Water, chemical control should be carried out to facilitate Lignification and safe overwintering.

3. Transplanting

The main results are as follows: (1) transplanting time: planting in autumn and winter from defoliation to soil freezing and pay attention to soil anti-freezing. Spring is carried out from soil thawing to pre-germination.

(2) planting density: when planting in one row on the ridge and edge of the terrace, the plant spacing is 3-4m. The whole plot was planted with 50-80 plants per mu, and the row spacing was 3 × 4 m ·m ~ (- 1), 3 × 3.5 m ~ 2.5 × 4 m. The ecological economic forest is planted with 110 trees per mu and the row spacing is 2 × 3 m.

4. Management technology after planting.

(1) shaping and pruning: the main high-yield tree shape is the happy shape of the trunk. The tree shape makes full use of the biological characteristics of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, and has the advantages of fast forming, early fruiting, ventilation and transparent light, resistance to diseases and insect pests, high yield and so on. After planting, it was dried at full buds 30-40cm above the surface. In the second year, the 3-4 main branches selected and left were opened from the angle of pulling and other methods, and then the original auxiliary branches were thinned. In the spring of the third year, the branches above 50cm were cut 1 and 3, that is, a large number of flower buds were formed.

(2) rational fertilization: it is the best to apply base fertilizer in autumn after picking pepper. Usually topdressing twice a year. Before sprouting and budding for the first time, it was mainly nitrogen fertilizer and properly combined with phosphate fertilizer. The second time is mainly phosphorus and potash fertilizer from the end of May to the beginning of June. When fertilizing, ring-shaped and radial ditch-shaped are the best for young trees. It is appropriate for fruit trees to be sprinkled with deep turning or dotted holes in the whole garden.

(3) Disease and pest control: Zanthoxylum bungeanum is mainly used to control aphids, scale insects, narrow gibberries, latent leaf beetles, red spiders and anthrax, so it is necessary to take good control measures during planting and prescribe the right medicine in time for those who have suffered from insect pests.