Planting and management of spinach

Spinach is a common vegetable, which is called "nutritional model student". It can be used to cook soup, cold dressing, stir-fry and stir-fry with meat dishes. It is widely cultivated in our country. The following editor will introduce the cultivation and management of spinach.

I. Land preparation and border formation

Choose loose and fertile, water and fertilizer conservation, good drainage and irrigation conditions, slightly acidic loam is better, PH value 5.5-7. When preparing the soil, 4000 kg of rotten organic fertilizer and 40 kg of superphosphate should be applied per mu, which should be high in winter and spring and flat in summer and autumn, with a width of 1.2-1.5m.

Second, sowing seeds

Spinach fields are generally sown. Soak the seeds in water for 12 hours one week before sowing in summer and autumn, then put them in a well or in a refrigerator or freezer at about 4 °C for 24 hours, then sprout at 20-25 °C, germinate after 3-5 days and sow seeds. Dry or wet seeds can be sowed in winter and spring. Sow 3-3.5 kg per mu.

3. Raising seedlings

After pouring the bottom water on the border, sow the seeds, gently rake the topsoil with a tooth rake, sow the seeds into the soil, and cover the border with a layer of plant ash. After sowing in summer and autumn, it is necessary to cover with straw or use a small arch shed to cover the sunshade net to prevent high temperature and rainstorm erosion. Often keep the soil warm and moist, 6-7 days can be full of seedlings, winter sowing temperature is on the low side, then cover the border with plastic film or sunshade net to promote seedling emergence, and remove after emergence.

IV. Field management

Water and fertilizer: autumn spinach poured clear dung water once after true leaves; after 2 true leaves, combined with seedlings, weeding, topdressing first light and then concentrated, early application of rotten manure; topdressing 2-3 times in peak growth period, 5-10 kg urea per mu. The soil remains moist after winter spinach sowing. When 3-4 true leaves, properly control the water to facilitate overwintering. When there are 2-3 true leaves, the seedling spacing is 3-4 cm. According to the situation of seedlings and weather, water and fertilizer were applied, mainly feces and urine of mature people. Quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer should be applied 15 days before harvest.

Heat preservation: Frost and snow weather should be covered with plastic film and sunshade net, which can be covered by small arch shed. After the beginning of spring, choose sunny days to apply rotten light dung water to prevent early bolting. The early stage of spring spinach should be covered with plastic film for heat preservation, which can be directly covered on the border surface. After emergence, the film can be removed or changed to a small arch shed. The small arch shed will cover the day and night cover and the rain cover, so that the seedlings can see more light, refine more seedlings, and time seedlings.

Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

Aphids: spray with 1000 times of dimethoate or 2000-3000 times of aldicarb.

Leaf miner: spray with 1000 times of 50% phoxim EC or 1000 times of 80% trichlorfon powder.

Downy mildew: spray with 58% Redomir 500 times or 75% chlorothalonil 600 times.

Anthrax: spray with 50% thiophanate methyl 500 times, or 50% carbendazim 700 times.

Spinach planting management is relatively simple, if planted in autumn and winter, must do a good heat preservation measures.