Planting method and time of Chinese Chestnut

Chinese chestnut is one of the earliest famous nuts eaten in China, with the highest annual output in the world, good quality and rich nutrition. After stir-frying, its meat is fine, sweet and palatable, and it is very popular. So, what is the planting method and time of Chinese chestnut?

I. Land preparation

First, the pH value of soil and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter and trace elements were analyzed, and the soil structure was improved according to the need. It is appropriate to choose sandy loam soil with loose soil and good drainage, and then rake the soil flat and fine to remove debris such as stones, shrub roots and weeds in the soil.

2. Raising seedlings

① dug holes. The specification of the pit is 40cm × 40cm × 30cm. After digging the pit, apply 2kg calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer or 5kg farm manure as base fertilizer.

Sow seeds on ②. From the beginning of November to February of the following year, mature and full seeds were selected for sowing. When sowing, the seeds were disinfected first, and then treated with 500 mg / kg gibberellin for 1 hour to accelerate germination. Then dig a planting hole 10 centimeters deep in the center of the pit, sow 15 seeds in each hole, cover the soil and cover with weeds.

III. Colonization

Digging holes in the size of 40 cm × 40 cm, the row spacing of plants is 5 × 7 meters, and 20 plants are planted per mu. When planting, first put the seedling root into the pit, stretch the seedling root evenly, straighten the seedling, make the fine soil enter the root gap, fill compaction, and then pour the root water.

IV. Field management

① fertilization. For chestnut trees of different ages, the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is different, and they are fertilized three times a year: the first time is to promote flower fertilizer in the middle of February, the second time to apply fruit fertilizer from the first ten days of June to the beginning of July, and the third time to apply base fertilizer from the end of September to October. 0.5 kg of oil withered cake or superphosphate can be applied to each plant, and weeding and covering soil after application.

② loosens soil, expands holes, weeds and covers tree plates. These works are carried out every winter, which can destroy the overwintering sites of insect pests, increase the content of soil organic matter and reduce soil water evaporation.

③ plastic surgery and pruning. Winter pruning: in December and January of the following year, after the growth of the tree stops, the crown of the chestnut tree is trimmed to remove long-growing, disease and insect branches, dry and withered branches and too many main branches. Coring: when the branches of the seedlings are 20 cm long and 30 cm long, the first coring is carried out, the tender part of the shoot tip is removed, and the second coring is carried out in June. the branches with uniform angle and distribution are selected and cultivated into backbone branches. Erase buds: for trees with strong growth, the superfluous buds in the middle, lower and upper parts of the strong branches should be removed, leaving only 4-5 buds in the strong branches and 13 buds in the golden mean branches.

Chestnut trees usually take 5-6 years to bear fruit, and after the first fruit, the fruit will increase year by year.