Plantain planting techniques

Plantain is a common traditional Chinese medicine, which has the effects of diuresis, heat clearing, eyesight and expectorant. It can be seen everywhere in the fields of the mountains and by the river by the road. So, what is the planting technique of plantain?

First, sowing seeds

Select humid and fertile sandy soil and ploughing after applying base fertilizer 30000~45000kg per hectare. Before sowing, gently rub the seeds with fine sand to remove the oil from the outside of the seeds, which is conducive to seed germination. The seeds were sown in northern China from the end of March to mid-April or late October. Strip sowing opened ditches according to row spacing 20~30cm, deep 1~1.5cm, sowed seeds evenly into the ditch, slightly suppressed and watered after covering the soil, kept the soil moist, and emerged about 10 days after sowing. In order to ensure the seedling rate, 25% carbendazim powder can be used for seed disinfection and phoxim mixed with fine sand on the ground to control underground pests.

II. Field management

Plantain grows slowly after emergence and is easy to be inhibited by weeds. Weeding should be carried out in time at the seedling stage, and weeding combined with loosening the soil should be carried out 3-4 times a year. When the seedling height was 3~5cm, the seedlings were kept by 10~15cm according to the plant distance. Plantain preferred fertilizer. After fertilization, the leaves grew more, exuberant and the resistance was enhanced, the spike was long, and the yield was high.

The first fertilization was in May, applying light human and animal manure water 22500kg per hectare to enhance its growth, and the second was carried out in early July, when plantain entered the stage of young panicle differentiation, and some young ears were drawn from leaf axils, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, boron and hormones were controlled to create conditions for flowering and seed setting.

Plantain heading stage must dredge the drainage ditch as soon as possible to prevent stagnant water rotting roots. Do not plough and loosen the soil after closing the ridges, otherwise root damage and soil waterlogging will cause rotten roots. The investigation should be strengthened before and after heading of plantain, and the central diseased plants should be found, pulled out and burned in time, and the spread of plantain powdery mildew, ear blight, brown spot and white silk should be controlled. 50% carbendazim 150g was sprayed on water 30~40kg once every 4-5 days to prevent bacteria from infecting the ear.

III. Pest control

Symptoms of powdery mildew disease: a layer of gray powder appears on the surface or back of the leaves, and finally the leaves wither and die. Prevention and treatment: spray 50% methyl topiramate with 1000 times solution at the initial stage of the disease.

IV. Harvest

When the lower fruit shell of plantain ear is light brown, the middle fruit shell is yellow, and the upper fruit has collected flowers, it can be harvested. Plantain has a long heading period, and the earing first matures early, so it should be harvested in batches, once every 3-5 days, and finished within half a month. It should be harvested in the morning or cloudy days to prevent cracking and falling seeds. Cut off the ripe ear with a knife and bask it in the sun. After drying, rub out the seeds and winnow the impurities. The seeds are stored in a dry place after drying.

In addition, the young grass of plantain is edible, which can be collected from April to May and gently boiled in boiling water for cold dressing, dipping sauce, stir-frying, stuffing, soup or noodle steaming.