Cultivation techniques of big five-star loquat

Dawuxing loquat is a new variety of loquat, which gets its name because of the large and deep five-star shape of its navel. It can be high-yielding after 4 years of planting. It is very popular in the market. At present, it is being planted in many areas. What are the planting techniques of Dawuxing loquat?

1. Land selection and preparation

Loquat is a subtropical evergreen fruit tree with strong cold tolerance. Dawuxing loquat can be planted in areas with an annual average temperature of more than 12 ℃-15 ℃, winter no less than 6 ℃ and annual rainfall of more than 1000 mm. At the same time, choose a place with convenient transportation to build a park. Loquat has strong adaptability to soil, but the slightly acidic soil with deep and fertile soil and ph value of 6 Mel 6.5 is the best.

2. Colonization

(1) planting time: most areas in the south can be planted from September to March of the following year.

(2) preparation before planting: before planting, you must soak in 70% topiramate 500 times solution for 15-30 minutes, soak to more than 10 cm of the graft interface, take out the seedlings and dry them in the shade for 2 hours. Hit the mud and plant. When planting, cut off all the leaves 1-2-2-3, and cut off all the tender shoots. Foliar spray 3-4 times a day after planting.

(3) planting density: 111 plants per mu were planted according to the row spacing of 2 × 3 meters. The root system was evenly distributed, and the root system was more than 20 cm away from the base fertilizer, then pressed into the fine soil layer by layer, covered to the root neck of the seedling, and made the root neck 10-20cm higher than the opposite side of the ground. Pour enough water on the roots, 20-25 kg per plant. After pouring thoroughly, cover it with a layer of fine soil, and cover the tree plate 1m2 with thin film. After planting, spray the whole plant with 70% topiramate 800 times solution.

3. Post-planting management techniques.

(1) shaping and pruning: after planting, when the terminal buds and lateral buds are produced, let the terminal buds grow upward naturally, leaving four lateral buds as the first layer of main branches, extending to four directions, which can be fixed with bamboo stalks at an angle of 70 degrees with the central stem. According to the same method, the third and fourth layers of main branches are selected and left, and the central trunk is cut off. Except for the terminal bud of the main branch, the dorsal branches of the other lateral branches twisted and cut to promote flowers in the middle of July. During plastic surgery, 1-3-year-old young trees are generally not cut. However, the overdense branches were properly thinned in 2-3 years after planting, and the adult trees were pruned once in spring and summer. When spring pruning from February to March, combined with fruit thinning, mainly remove weak branches, dense branches and overgrown branches and so on. Summer shearing is carried out after fruit harvest, mainly deleting dense branches, delicate branches, disease and insect branches. Retractive central stem to excessively high plants. At the same time, some of the branches moved out were retracted, so that the distance between rows was kept at a distance of 0.8-1 meters, and there was not too much intersection between plants. The height of the crown is controlled at about 2.5 meters.

(2) Fertilizer and water management: applying thin fertilizer frequently to young trees, from planting survival to budding, applying the first fertilizer, mainly available nitrogen fertilizer, accelerated phosphate fertilizer and clear water manure, and then fertilizing once a month until October. The adult loquat orchard applied fertilizer three times a year: spring shoot fertilizer for the first time, 30 kg urea, 15 kg superphosphate, 30 kg potassium sulfate and about 1000 kg human and animal manure per 667m2; the second summer shoot fertilizer was applied after fruit harvesting, urea 100kg, calcium superphosphate 30kg and organic fertilizer 2000-3000 kg per mu The third autumn fertilizer, applied from September to October, was mainly late-acting fertilizer, with 10 kg of urea and 1000 kg of organic fertilizer per mu. Pay attention to drainage in rainy spring and irrigation in the early dry period of summer and autumn. Do a good job in protecting flowers and promoting fruit, fruit bagging, disease and pest control and other work.