Open-air planting technology of watermelon

The flesh of watermelon is sweet, and it is a fruit that many people like to eat. It can cool down and relieve the heat in summer, and it has a long history of cultivation in our country. The following editor will introduce the open-air planting technology of watermelon for you.

I. selection of land and land preparation

The sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and convenient drainage and irrigation should be selected and cultivated in the fields where melon crops have not been planted in dry land within 5 years and paddy field within 3 years. After selecting the land, turn deeply and apply sufficient base fertilizer, planting with high border, wide border 4-4.5 meters, narrow border 2.0-2.5 meters. The wide border can be planted on both sides of the border, the melon vine can be crawled on both sides, and the narrow border can be planted on one side on one side.

2. Sowing and raising seedlings

Soak the watermelon seeds in 0.4% formalin for 1 hour, rinse them with clean water, then soak them in clean water for 8-10 hours, rub off the mucus from the seed epidermis with a towel, wrap them in a wet cloth, pack them in a human plastic bag, put them in a person's personal pocket, sprout with the help of body temperature, sow them once in warm water for 12 hours, and generally sow most of the seeds in white after 24-36 hours.

III. Colonization

The seedling age of precocious watermelon is about 1 month and can be planted with 2-3 true leaves. The seedling age of medium-maturing watermelon is 20-25 days, and that of late-ripening watermelon is 7-10 days. 2 rows of wide border planting and 1 row of narrow border planting.

4. Pruning and pressing vine

The method of three-vine pruning is generally used. In the 8-9 leaves of the main vine, leave the main vine and two strong lateral vines, and remove the rest of the son vine and grandson vine. Pruning should not be carried out in overcast and rainy days to prevent the spread of diseases. When the vine grows to about 50 cm, press the vine with soil combined with pruning, then press it again at intervals of 3-4 nodes, and press each vine for 2-3 times to evenly arrange the melon vine.

5. Water and fertilizer

When the young melon grows to the size of an egg, the expanded melon fertilizer is applied according to the plant growth, and 45% nitrosulfo or potassium sulfate type controlled-release fertilizer 15-20 kg is applied per mu. Seedling stage should be watered as little as possible, or even not watered, to promote the seedling to form a well-developed root system; to control water before flowering and fruit setting to prevent crazy growth; after fruit setting, adequate water supply should be ensured to facilitate fruit expansion and increase weight. The fruit should not be watered 7-10 days before harvest, so that the fruit can accumulate sugar. When there is a shortage of water, it should be irrigated in the early and late night when the temperature is low. Adopt ditch irrigation to infiltrate soil moisture, that is, irrigate the border ditch, and immediately drain the remaining water from the ditch after the water permeates the melon ridge. Drain the stagnant water in the field immediately after irrigation and rain, otherwise it is easy to cause rotten roots and vines.

VI. Harvest

In general, early-maturing varieties are harvested about 30 days after pollination, mid-maturing varieties about 35 days, and late-maturing varieties about 40 days. The speed of fruit ripening is affected by temperature, light intensity and time, so it is best to indicate the date during pollination, and sample melon is expected to cut open the fruit when it is ripe, measure its sugar content and taste it, and harvest it in batches according to the mark after confirmation of maturity.