Planting method and time of Maize

Corn is an excellent grain crop, which is widely cultivated all over China. So, how does corn grow? When to plant? The following is an introduction to corn planting methods and time.

1. Corn cultivation methods

1. Selection of land

Corn is not very strict with soil requirements, loose soil, deep soil, organic-rich chernozem, chestnut soil and sandy loam, pH value in the range of 6-8 can be planted.

2. Seed selection

To plant corn, we should first select suitable varieties. According to the actual conditions in various places, we should select seeds with high seed purity, high germination rate and high purity, and the seeds have strong lodging resistance and good disease resistance.

3. Sowing

It can be directly drilled and sown, and then fertilized and sown, row spacing 65cm, plant spacing 18cm, sowing depth 5 cm, and watering according to soil moisture after sowing. 5 leaves when the seedlings, to pull out sick seedlings, weak seedlings, heteroplants, keep healthy seedlings, lack of seedlings to timely supplement seedlings.

Can prepare the soil for the ridge, fertilize on the ridge surface, point, sow 2 seeds per hole, cover 1 cm of fine soil after sowing, and then set up a shed on the ridge surface. After emergence, dilute manure water can be poured, and when 5 leaves are transplanted to the field.

4. Management

(1) Temperature: Corn is a thermophilic crop, seed germination requires 6-10℃, the optimum temperature for germination is 28-35℃, seedling stage can withstand short-term low temperature of-2--3℃, jointing stage requires 15-27℃, flowering stage requires 25-26℃, filling stage requires 20-24℃; early maturity varieties require accumulated temperature of 2000-2200 ℃, medium maturity varieties 2300-2600℃, late maturity varieties and 2500 - 2800 (3000) ℃.

(2) Light: corn is a short-day plant, in short days (8-10 hours) conditions can bloom and bear fruit, according to research, blue and other short-wave corn development fast, and in the morning or evening with red and other long-wave development fast.

(3) Water: corn water demand is more, the most suitable precipitation during the growth period is 410-640mm, summer is less than 150mm area is not suitable for planting corn; and excessive precipitation, affecting light, increasing disease, lodging and weed damage, but also affecting corn yield and quality improvement.

(4) Fertilization: topdressing nitrogen fertilizer at jointing, booting, tasseling, flowering and filling stages, and applying nitrogen 10 - 20kg/mu during the whole growth period.

(5) Intertillage and weeding: 2-3 times of intertillage and soil cultivation during the growth period, and weed removal in the field.

(6) Diseases and pests: diseases mainly include leaf spot disease, head smut disease, smut disease, black stripe dwarf disease, bacterial wilt, etc., pests include armyworm, corn borer, mole cricket, ground tiger, white grubs, etc., and measures such as selecting resistant varieties, strengthening cultivation management, reasonable rotation and chemical control should be taken to prevent and control them in time.

Second, the planting time of corn

Different varieties of corn, different planting areas, planting time is also different.

If it is spring corn, generally from south to north, from mid-February to early May there are areas where spring corn is sown, generally when the temperature of 10cm soil layer is stable above 10℃.

If it is autumn corn, it is usually sown in late July to early August.

If you are in Henan, the corn planting time is in May.

If in Hebei, spring corn is sown in late April and early May, autumn corn should not be sown later than mid-July at the latest.

If in Shandong, spring corn is generally planted in early April.

If it is in the northeast, the corn sowing time is after the grain rain (around April 20).

If in the south (Yangtze River basin), spring corn is sown from the end of March to the beginning of April, summer corn is sown from late May to early June.