What are the key points of pumpkin cultivation techniques for "longevity food"?

Pumpkin tastes soft and waxy, tastes rich and sweet, and is suitable for all men and women, old and young. Pumpkin as a longevity food is rich in high nutritional value, it is not very difficult to grow, because it does not have high requirements for the environment, climate and so on. What are the key points of pumpkin cultivation techniques for "longevity food"?

1. Choose the right variety

Pumpkin varieties are classified according to maturity: early-maturing varieties, middle-maturing varieties, late-maturing varieties; fruit size: big pumpkin, small pumpkin; fruit shape: round pumpkin, long pumpkin; uses: edible varieties, ornamental varieties, grafted varieties.

2. Determine the sowing date

The suitable sowing time of pumpkin in different areas should be determined according to local climatic conditions, seedling facilities, cultivation methods, planting period and market demand.

3. Determine the sowing amount

The sowing rate of pumpkin should be determined according to seed germination rate, seed purity, planting density and other conditions, in addition, 10% to 20% of spare seedlings should be increased to prepare supplementary seedlings. In general, if the seed germination rate is high and the purity is good, the seed amount is 4.5-13.5 kg per hectare (0.3-0.9 kg per mu).

4. Raising seedlings

Pumpkin seedlings are generally 20-25 days old and have 2-3 true leaves; under protected cultivation, the seedling age is about 30 days, and the seedlings have 3-4 true leaves. The standard of strong seedling: the seedling age is 25-35 days, the plant height is about 10 cm, the stem diameter is 0.4-0.5 cm, and there are 3 true leaves.

5. Planting method

Cultivation techniques Pumpkin can be directly seeded or raised and transplanted. When the ground temperature is stable above 12 ℃ ~ 13 ℃, the direct seeding in the open field should be started, and the buds should be unearthed after the frost is broken.

6. Soil preparation and fertilization

Pumpkin is not strict with soil, and sandy loam and loam are the most suitable. If you climb the ground to cultivate pumpkin (except zucchini), the row spacing is 2: 3 meters, and the plant spacing is 0.5: 0.7 meters; if you set up a frame, the row spacing is 1.5-2 meters, and the plant spacing is 0.7-1.0 meters. The row spacing of cultivated zucchini is 1.2 to 1.5 meters, and the plant spacing is 0.7 to 0.9 meters. Before sowing, the cultivated pumpkin should be turned deeply and applied circle fertilizer as base fertilizer, generally 2500-4000 kg per mu.

7. Irrigation and topdressing

After pumpkin planting, if the soil moisture is good, generally there is no need for irrigation. At this stage, intertillage should be carried out many times, and at the same time, the soil temperature should be raised to promote the development of root system in order to strengthen the seedlings. After extending the vine, 15-20 cm from the root, ditch fertilization, 500-1000 kg of mature manure per mu, or 15-20 kg of available nitrogen fertilizer, irrigation after fertilization to prevent root burning with available nitrogen fertilizer. Fertilizer topdressing should be applied less and diligently, and attention should be paid to prevent root burning and fertilizer damage after fertilizer.

8. Disease control of pumpkin

Mainly powdery mildew and virus. The occurrence of the disease directly affects the growth and development of pumpkin, shortening the growth period, reducing the yield and reducing the quality. Aphids are the main body of the transmission of virus diseases, so if we want to control virus diseases, we must first treat aphids and then control them.