When is the best time to grow garlic? Key points of cultivation techniques attached

Garlic is a garlic plant whose roots and leaves can be eaten. Its garlic, garlic leaves, garlic sprouts, etc. can be eaten as vegetables at the beginning, and can also be used as seasoning to make vegetables fragrant. Garlic is rich in nutritional value and can also have certain health value. Garlic is planted in many places in our country. When is it better to plant garlic? The main points of cultivation techniques are attached.

When is garlic usually better?

The optimum sowing period of garlic is to make the plant grow to 5~6 leaves before overwintering, at which time the cold resistance of the plant is the strongest, and it will not be frozen to death in cold winter, and it will lay a good foundation for the plant to pass vernalization smoothly. The Yangtze River Basin and its south areas are generally sown in the middle and late September.

The Yangtze River Basin has cool weather in September, suitable for garlic seedlings to emerge and grow. If the seeds are sown too early, the seedlings grow too vigorously before overwintering and consume nutrients, the overwintering ability will be reduced, and the vernalization may occur again, causing secondary growth, forming multiple garlic in the second year, reducing the quality of garlic. Sowing too late, the seedlings are small, the tissue is tender, the root system is weak, the accumulated nutrients are less, the cold resistance is lower, and more deaths occur during winter. Therefore, garlic must strictly control the sowing time.

II. Key points of garlic cultivation techniques

1. Garlic seed selection

Choosing the right garlic variety for different harvest parts is critical. Garlic can be divided into big garlic and small garlic according to the size of garlic cloves. Early-maturing varieties of small garlic can be selected mainly for harvesting garlic seedlings, such as white garlic, with short growth period and early listing. Garlic sprouts and garlic bulbs were mainly harvested, and large garlic cloves were mainly purple garlic varieties. In order to ensure the yield and quality, garlic seeds should choose garlic cloves with uniform size, no mildew and good stem disk. Before sowing, peel a part of garlic and remove small garlic petals.

2. Garlic sowing method

Garlic can be sun-dried for 1- 2 days before sowing. In order to prevent mildew after sowing, garlic seeds can be soaked in carbendazim for 4 - 6 hours. Garlic (garlic sprouts) generally require plant spacing of 2~3 cm, row spacing of 13~-17 cm, and seed use of 250~350 kg per mu; garlic sprouts and garlic bulbs are mainly harvested. Plant spacing of 7~8 cm, row spacing of 14~17 cm, seed use of 150~200 kg per mu. Rational close planting not only ensures quality, but also ensures yield. Sowing depth is generally 3~-4 cm, too deep or too shallow affect emergence.

3. Water and fertilizer management of garlic

According to the garlic growth and development and fertilizer characteristics of general decomposed organic fertilizer (farm manure) mainly, chemical fertilizer supplemented. Before sowing and ploughing, apply base fertilizer, generally 1000~2000 kg organic fertilizer per mu, and 50 kg ternary compound fertilizer. Garlic topdressing is mainly nitrogen fertilizer combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer has a significant role in promoting garlic yield. Generally, topdressing can be carried out in different stages, specifically divided into green period, garlic sprout elongation period and garlic growth period topdressing.

During the re-greening period, topdressing is generally carried out at the re-greening growth of garlic seedlings. The average daily temperature in spring reaches about 7℃, and topdressing is started. Generally, nitrogen fertilizer 10~15 kg or organic fertilizer 1000~1500 kg per mu is applied. Planting garlic (garlic sprouts) can be harvested about 20 cm in garlic sprouts, so there is no need to consider the rate of garlic sprouts and garlic growth period topdressing in topdressing.

Garlic sprouts elongation period topdressing, harvest garlic sprouts for this period is particularly important topdressing, this period is from garlic bud differentiation growth to garlic sprouts before elongation, generally before the Qingming Festival. At the same time, garlic bulb also began to expand at this period, so this topdressing accounted for about 40% of the total topdressing amount, and compound fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer should be applied to promote garlic bulb expansion growth. Garlic growth period topdressing, this is the last fertilization before garlic harvest, this period to garlic expansion growth, so to apply nitrogen fertilizer mainly, combined with compound fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer, topdressing amount accounted for 25%~30% of the total. Garlic fertilization methods are mainly applied with water, buried and strip.

4. Irrigation of garlic

The whole process generally needs to be watered 3~4 times, one is to irrigate thoroughly after sowing; the other is to combine seedling water with fertilizer application in the greening period of garlic to promote fertilizer and water absorption; the third is to irrigate the garlic sprouts as soon as they emerge, so as to promote the elongation of garlic sprouts; the fourth is to expand water, start watering after pulling out garlic sprouts, and promote garlic rapid expansion with topdressing in the growth period of garlic bulbs.

5, garlic pest control and harvest

Chlorothalonil and prochloraz are sprayed at the 5-6 leaf growth stage of garlic to control purple spot and rust of garlic. During the growth period, carbosulfan and other pesticides are used to control thrips and other pests. Different pesticides should be used alternately to prevent pests from producing drug resistance. Garlic harvest, garlic sprouts generally pull out 20-30 days can harvest garlic.