How to fertilize sugarcane

The growing period of sugarcane is long, and the amount of fertilizer application is one of the main factors that determine the yield of sugarcane. So, how to fertilize sugar cane?

1. Fertilizer requirement of sugarcane

According to research, for every 1 ton of raw sugarcane, it is necessary to absorb nitrogen (N) 1.5-2kg, phosphorus (P2O5) 1-1.5kg and potassium (K2O) 2-2.5kg from the soil.

2. Absorption of nutrients by sugarcane at different growth stages.

The general trend of nutrient uptake of sugarcane at each growth stage was less at seedling stage, gradually increased at tillering stage, maximum at elongation stage, and decreased at mature stage.

III. Principles of fertilization

According to the fertilizer requirement characteristics of sugarcane in different growth stages, the fertilization principle is: "re-apply base fertilizer, timely stage-by-stage topdressing". If only topdressing but not base fertilizer is applied, sugarcane is easy to grow: top-heavy, thick and thin, and easy to lodge. On the contrary, only applying base fertilizer but not topdressing fertilizer will lead to insufficient stamina and form "rat tail sugarcane", which will affect the yield.

1. Re-application of base fertilizer

Fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are mainly used as base fertilizer, because the absorption of phosphorus fertilizer by sugarcane is mainly in the early and middle stages. And the mobility of phosphate fertilizer in the soil is small, and it needs to be close to the root in order to be easily absorbed. The absorption of potassium fertilizer by sugarcane is also mainly in the early and middle stages (about 80%). And the potassium absorbed by sugarcane plants in the early and middle stages can be needed in the later stage. Therefore, potash fertilizer should be applied early, when the amount is small, it should be used as base fertilizer once, when the amount is more, half of it should be used as base fertilizer, and the other half should be applied at the peak tillering stage or early elongation stage.

two。 Topdressing by stages

According to the law of fertilizer demand of sugarcane, the application principle of topdressing can be summarized as "three attacks and one supplement, light at both ends and heavy in the middle". The "three attacks" are to attack seedling fertilizer, tiller fertilizer and stem fertilizer. "one supplement" is the supplementary application of strong tail fertilizer in the later stage. "light at both ends" refers to less fertilizer application at seedling stage and late elongation stage, and "middle weight" refers to more fertilizer application at the initial stage of elongation.

Due to the large amount of fertilizer needed in sugarcane, fertilizer accounts for a large proportion in the cost of sugarcane production. Therefore, it is of great significance to master the fertilization technology correctly, to achieve timely and appropriate amount, and to meet the fertilizer needs of sugarcane to the maximum extent.