Matters needing attention in planting leek in summer and autumn

Leek is a kind of vegetable that we often eat in our life, and there are many ways to eat it, many people like to eat it, and what we eat more often is scrambled eggs with leek, iron plate leek and so on, but there are many people who like to eat leek. People who know about planting leeks may not see much!

Matters needing attention in planting leek in summer and autumn

The fiber of leek increases in summer, and the edible value is very low, so the harvest should be stopped from late June to early August. In addition to leaving the field, the rest should be cut and listed in time, so as to facilitate root maintenance. Drainage and waterlogging prevention should be made in time after heavy rain. In case of hot rain, cool well water should be poured to cool down and increase the oxygen in the water to prevent the root system from suffocating to death. Leek often has lodging phenomenon in summer, which causes leek leaf rot, induces epidemic disease, and causes pseudostem and leaf death. The measures to prevent lodging are: do not apply too much nitrogen fertilizer in summer; do not water too much; prevent leeks from growing too long; cut leek leaves short when lodging may occur, so that the leek leaves of 2 prime 3 length can stand upright naturally; insert wooden stakes and ropes between rows to support leek leaves to prevent lodging and so on. Water should be watered during drought to keep the soil dry and wet. When epidemic disease or leaf blight occurs, 52.5% Yikuangjing 2000 times liquid and 72% Kelu 600 times solution should be sprayed in time to prevent and control. In autumn, under the condition of no rain, there is one water for 5-7 days in August and 1 water for 7-10 days in September, keeping the soil moist. Keep the soil dry and wet with water for about 10 days in October. Do not water too much, so as not to cause greedy and prosperous growth of the plant and delay the return of roots. From August to September, fertilizer was applied once every 15 days, for a total of 3-4 times. Apply 150-225 kg urea per hectare each time. The last two times of topdressing should be applied with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, 225-300 kg compound fertilizer per hectare. Water 1-2 times immediately after each topdressing. In October, topdressing should be stopped to promote dormancy to prevent greedy green growth.

At the beginning of August, brassine Shuofeng 481 was sprayed with 100 × 10 ~ 6 growth stimulating hormone once to increase the hormone concentration at the growth point, promote cell division, accelerate leaf formation, increase chlorophyll content, increase the intensity of photosynthesis and promote growth. It can be harvested 1-2 times from August to September, and the harvest will stop after late September. For the last harvest, the stubble should be slightly higher. After stopping the harvest, a no-deep ploughing soil conditioner should be sprayed. Each mu of land is sprayed with 200 grams of no-deep tillage soil conditioner and 100 kilograms of water. After about 20 days, the soil with a depth of 50-100 cm can be loose and permeable. Pour frozen water once in winter.

Planting time of leek

1. Spring sowing: it is better to sow early than late, and when the local temperature is stable at 5-10 ℃ in spring, the land is not fully melted, and the return to grain period is not moist to the surface, so it is easy to emerge seedlings. This sowing method also avoids grass damage, because leek seedlings come out quickly after sowing, and the temperature at that time is not suitable for weed germination, resulting in a jet lag. Therefore, it is recommended that people try to use this kind of sowing method.

2. Summer sowing: generally sowing after the cucumber and tomato strike, at this time the high temperature is prone to drought and waterlogging, the sowing amount is about 1/3 larger than that in spring, and the soil cover is not easy to be too thick, keeping the soil moist, which is conducive to the emergence of the whole seedling.

3. Autumn sowing: generally sowing before and after the Beginning of Autumn, the sowing amount is twice as large as that in spring, and the management is mainly dry and wet. Attention should be paid to grass damage in the later stage. Autumn sowing is generally not recommended.

Planting conditions of leek

1. Temperature: leek likes cold and cool, cold-resistant and heat-resistant, the optimum temperature for seed germination is above 12 ℃, the growth temperature is 15 ℃ to 25 ℃, and the underground part can withstand lower temperature.

2. Light: medium light intensity, strong negative resistance. But the light is too weak, the accumulation of photosynthate is less, the tiller is small and weak, the yield is low, it is easy to senescence prematurely, the light is too strong, the temperature is too high, the fiber is too much, and the quality is poor.

3. Moisture: the suitable air relative humidity is 60-70%, and the soil moisture is 80-90% of the maximum field capacity.

4. Soil: Chinese chive has strong adaptability to soil texture, and the suitable pH is 5.56.5. It needs a large amount of fertilizer and has strong fertilizer tolerance.

Planting technique of Chinese chive

1. Root cultivation: the harvest time of leek should be suitable. Generally, 4-5 crops are harvested every year, 2-3 crops are harvested in June and July in summer, and the rest of the time is mainly for root cultivation, so that the plant can produce more tillers and lay the foundation for high yield in autumn. The basic requirement of root cultivation is that the stubble height should be suitable when harvesting leek, which is generally harvested about 4cm off the ground at the rhizome. After each harvest, the knife edge will be slightly raised. Fertilizing and watering should not be applied within 2 days after cutting, so as not to cause diseases and insect pests caused by germs on the knife edge, resulting in rotten roots.

2. Root removal: before the leek germinated after soil thawing in early spring, iron cuttings were used to dig ditches about 6cm deep and wide in the rhizosphere soil of leek, and the soil among plants in each clump was removed to reach the root. Make it expose the rhizome, at the same time remove the dead tillers and small tillers, spread the dug soil between the rows to dry, and then pinch up the rhizome, fill it with fine soil and bury it. When filling the soil, it is best to add an appropriate amount of plant ash to control root maggots.

3. Root inversion: replanting old leek roots can not only re-coruscate the production potential, but also use waste roots, reduce costs, come faster than re-sowing, and help to maintain the purity of varieties. First use four-toothed fork or pick to turn up the leek root, choose disease-free and insect-free, but also have production capacity, cut off the overlong fibrous root, remove the non-tillering ability and rotten rhizome for replanting. It can be cultivated in flat bed or furrow. The distance between the holes planted in the bed is 8~10cm, and about 10 plants per hole, the yield will be reduced when the species are sparse. Row spacing of ridge and furrow hole planting 60cm, seedling bandwidth 30cm, planting 4 rows.

4. Cultivate the soil: the leek root system has to "jump root" upward every year to form a hypertrophic root node-cucurbit head. The larger the root node, the more nutrients are stored, so the leek will take root early and have a high yield in the second year. Therefore, cultivating soil and fertilizing Chinese chives can promote the growth and development of new roots of Chinese chives, prolong the life span of Chinese chives and prevent lodging. The time of soil cultivation should be carried out before the root germination of leek after soil thawing, and the thickness of soil culture should be determined with the height of "jumping root", and 3~4cm is generally suitable.

5. Cover ash: when planting leek in autumn and winter, after applying sufficient basic fertilizer, cover the border with 2~3cm thick fine crushed coal cinder, and apply appropriate amount of water-soluble fertilizer during the growth period. In this way, the leek soil is loose, the permeability is good, the weeds are not easy to grow, the pathogens are less, and the effects of heat preservation, moisturizing, fertilizer preservation and drought resistance are good. The leaves of leek grow thick green, grow fast and have strong tillering ability. it not only has high yield and crisp texture, but also does not harm the meristem and buds in leaf sheath during harvest, which is more conducive to the growth and harvest of leek in the following crop.

6. Sand culture: planting Chinese chives year after year can easily lead to the occurrence of leek maggots. Sand culture can solve this problem. Using sandy soil or other substrates as cultivation substrate and pouring nutrient solution has the characteristics of simple management, low investment, quick effect and high income, so it is especially suitable for cultivation in courtyard or idle land. The sand bed can be made into square ponds, diamond-shaped ponds or polygonal ponds with equal length and width, with a height of 18cm and 20cm, and the river sand with a diameter of 1~2mm is better.

In fact, leek can be planted at many times of the year, except when the weather is too cold in winter, it can be planted in spring, summer and autumn, but the climate of each stage is different. Breeders have to pay different energy to their cultivation.