Experience in harmless management of diseases and insect pests of okra

It is understood that okra is a new type of health vegetable with high nutritional value. Okra is picked almost every day after its fruit, so it is difficult to achieve high quality, safety and pollution-free products by chemical control. For this reason, according to the occurrence characteristics of okra diseases and insect pests and the production requirements of pollution-free agricultural products. The pest control measures of okra are as follows:

First, select disease-resistant varieties and do a good job in seed treatment. The methods of seed disinfection and sterilization include soaking seeds in warm soup, soaking seeds with chemicals, high temperature treatment and so on. Among them, the seed soaking method of warm soup is simple and easy, the cost is low, and the germicidal effect is good. Soaking seeds in warm soup usually wraps the seeds with gauze before sowing (only half a bag to keep the seeds loose). Soak the seeds in cold water for 10 minutes, then soak the seeds in 52-℃ lukewarm water for 20 minutes and stir quickly with sticks to make the seeds heated evenly. Second, irrigate from autumn to winter. In fields with heavy occurrence of cotton bollworm and other pests, thoroughly removing residual branches and fallen leaves during harvest and carrying out autumn ploughing and winter irrigation can effectively reduce the population base and significantly reduce the occurrence and harm of insect pests in the coming year. Third, cover it with an anti-insect net. The application of insect control net to cultivate vegetables can basically avoid the harm of medium and large pests and reduce the use of chemical pesticides. When choosing an anti-insect net, we should pay attention to choosing the appropriate specification. It is generally considered that the more suitable one is 20murmuri 32 mesh, wire diameter 0.18mm, width 1.2Murray 3.6 meters, white. During the isolation period of the anti-insect net, the net should be exposed as little as possible to prevent adults from flying in, and the eggs laid on the net should be removed in time to prevent the low-instar larvae from entering the net after hatching. Fourth, trapping and killing adults. For cotton bollworm, Spodoptera litura and other pests, frequency vibration insecticidal lamp, sweet and sour pot and poplar branch handle can be used to trap and kill adults. Taro and corn can also be planted to trap and kill adults and reduce the number of eggs laid by adults. For pests such as aphids, you can make use of their yellowing habits, use Lin Mao brand sticky insect board, or apply a layer of sticky gelatin on the yellow plastic sheet, or apply a layer of engine oil or syrup plus insecticide trichlorfon on the yellow cardboard, hang one piece at a certain distance, hanging about 70 cm high, so that winged aphids and other "self-trapping", both killing insects and not polluting the environment. Fifth, artificial prevention and control. According to the characteristics that Spodoptera litura often lays eggs on the back of leaves, bifurcations of leaf veins and mass feeding of newly hatched larvae, the centralized treatment of leaves with egg masses and larval clusters in agricultural operation can greatly reduce the population density. When sporadic aphids occur, you can use your hands to erase the aphids on the back of the leaves or remove the shoots. 6. Chemical prevention and control. We should grasp the initial period of insect pests and control them as soon as possible. Biological pesticides and pesticides with high efficiency, low toxicity and low residue should be selected and sprayed during the peak period of the young larvae of insect pests. The concentration and frequency of pesticide application should be strictly controlled, and attention should be paid to the harvest according to the safe interval of pesticides. 1. Spodoptera litura. Drugs should be used during the period from the peak of egg hatching to the peak of young larvae. The medicament can choose Aolu No. 1, Bacillus thuringiensis wettable powder, 5% Dingchonglong EC (Yitaibao), 5% flufenuron EC (Carben), 20% bufenozide suspension (Miman), 15% Anda suspension, 10% mifenapyr EC (removal) and other high-efficient, low-toxic, low-residue pesticides. If the insect is too old to control during the harvest period, only 3750 times of 15% Anda suspension or 1500-2000 times of 20% bufenozide suspension can be used to control cotton bollworm. When spraying, the fog point should be fine and the spray should be uniform and thoughtful. The safety interval was 3 days. 2. Cotton bollworm. It is necessary to grasp the peak period of egg hatching to the peak stage of the second instar larvae, that is, the application of insecticides before fruit decay. In the early stage of growth, we can choose 5% flufenuron EC (carbendazide) 1500 murine 2000 times, 48% chlorpyrifos EC (Lesbon) 1000 times, 50% phoxim EC 1000 times, etc., and can be controlled by hit and fenbufenozide in the middle and later stages. 3. Aphids. It can be sprayed with 1500 times of imidacloprid wettable powder or 2000 times of acetamiprid EC. 4. Sudden collapse and blight. Soak the seeds in clear water for 4 hours before sowing, then soak the seeds in 500 times potassium permanganate solution for 15 minutes, then wash and dry and sow the seeds. After emergence, the seedlings were sprayed 3 times with 1000 times solution of potassium permanganate (dilute first and then concentrated) every 10 days. In the preparation, spraying potassium permanganate should be constantly stirred, so that all the particles dissolve, and with the use. The concentration used in the seedling stage should not be too high, and the seedlings should be sprayed or washed with clean water after 5 minutes, and the spraying time should be around 9: 00 in the morning or after 4: 00 in the afternoon. 5. Virus. The disease is transmitted by aphids. In addition to timely prevention and control of aphids, 20% morpholidine hydrochloride copper wettable powder (virus A) 500ml 800 times solution or 10% mixed fatty acid AS (83 color-resistance enhancer) 100x solution can be sprayed on the leaves at the initial stage of plant disease. Every 5 murmurs every 7 days, spray 3 murmurs 4 times in a row.