Standardized technique of planting Radix Paeoniae Alba

Radix Paeoniae Alba is a large variety of medicinal materials, belonging to Ranunculaceae, which tastes bitter, sour, slightly cold, enters the liver meridian, nourishes the blood and collects yin, softens the liver and relieves pain, calms the liver yang, and is used for irregular menstruation, abdominal pain, metrorrhagia, spontaneous sweating, night sweats and other diseases. the annual demand is about 10,000 tons.

First, choose loam or sandy loam with good drainage and deep and fertile soil layer for land preparation. Previous crops such as corn, wheat, legumes and sweet potatoes are better. Before planting, intensive cultivation is required, with a depth of 25-30 cm, ploughing 1-2 times, combined with 2500 Mu of stable manure or compost as base fertilizer, raked flat and made into a 1.3-meter high border. If Rain Water has too much land with poor drainage, the width of the border can be about 1 meter, and the ditch between the borders is 40 centimeters wide and 20 centimeters deep. The existing young trees, orchards, barren hills, slopes, fields and both sides of the road can be cultivated in sandy loam, especially the open spaces on both sides of the road and the tourist attractions, villas, farms, etc., after planting peony, the flowers are colorful and fragrant, which is very charming, which not only plays a better role in beautifying the environment, but also obtains considerable economic benefits. It is really killing two birds with one stone. 2. Planting techniques 1. Screening varieties: in recent years, two series of strains of Paeonia lactiflora were selected according to the growth characteristics and use needs of Radix Paeoniae Alba. The main results are as follows: (1) the medicinal varieties have high yield and good quality, and the main varieties are common sticks and lines. 2. Seed bud treatment: the bud head of Radix Paeoniae Alba is generally selected as the propagation material, and the bud head of Paeonia lactiflora is cut into several pieces according to its natural growth shape. There are 3 buds per bud, the thickness of the bud is more than 2 cm, and the bud head should be cut and planted as soon as possible. If it cannot be planted in time, it should be stored temporarily. Choose a cool, dry and ventilated place, spread the wet fine sand on the ground, stack the bud head up, and then cover the wet sand for storage. Or dig a hole for storage and pay attention to drainage when it rains to avoid mildew and rot. 3. Cultivation time: the most suitable planting time in North China is from September to October, and the south and high temperature areas can be planted before freezing. The bud head of Paeonia lactiflora has produced new roots in the late stage, which is easy to break when planting, affecting the growth of the coming year. 4. Planting method: first of all, separate the size of the bud head of Radix Paeoniae Alba and plant it separately, so that the seedling is neat and easy to manage. Cultivated in the field, the row spacing is 50 × 30 cm and 2800 plants are planted per mu. Tourism and appreciation is the main purpose of cultivation, according to the specific layout of scenic spots, flexible and reasonable choice of cultivation methods. Hole planting, each hole to put 1-2 buds, planting depth 4-5 cm is appropriate, cover ripe soil and apply human manure, covered soil heaped into steamed bread, in order to survive the winter. Around the first ten days of March of the following year, the steamed bread-shaped mound was removed before the peony buds germinated. Third, field management 1. Ploughing and loosening the soil: after seedling emergence, ploughing and weeding 2-3 times a year, middle ploughing should be shallow, so as not to hurt the roots and die the seedlings. In late October, before the ground freezes, the branches and leaves are cut off at 7mur10 cm from the ground, and the soil is cultivated in the rhizosphere to survive the winter. The method of "ridging and brightening roots" is often used in the cultivation of Radix Paeoniae Alba, that is, in the first ten days of May of the second year after planting, the soil around the peony plant is gently plucked away to let the roots be slightly exposed, dry for 5 minutes for 7 days, and then cultivate the soil to support the roots, which can increase the soil temperature, kill insects and sterilize, and achieve the effect of increasing production, but the drying time should not be too long. 2. Topdressing, drainage and irrigation: topdressing 3 times a year since the second year, the first time from late March to early April, applying light human feces and urine, the second time applying 500 kg per mu of human feces and urine per mu, and the third time from October to November, mainly ring manure, 1500 kg per mu. In the last ten days of March of the third year, 750kg of human feces and urine, 50kg of rotten cake fertilizer and 25kg of superphosphate were applied per mu in late March. 1000 kg of human feces and urine were applied per mu in late April and 15002000 kg of stable fertilizer was applied in November. Topdressing twice before harvest in the fourth year, applying 1000 kg of human feces and urine per mu in late March, adding 10 kg of ammonium sulfate and 25 kg of superphosphate in late April, except phosphate fertilizer, applied again according to the above-mentioned amount of fertilizer. Each fertilization is suitable for opening holes on both sides of the plant. Paeonia lactiflora likes drought and is afraid of waterlogging, and generally does not need irrigation. In case of severe drought, it is appropriate to irrigate once in the evening. In rainy season, clear ditches and drain in time to reduce root diseases. Harvest and processing 1. Harvest time: paeony is harvested 3-4 years after planting. The harvest season is from late June to early July in Zhejiang, in August in Anhui and Sichuan, and in September in Shandong. The starch in the root is transformed too late, the quality is not solid and the texture is light after drying. Choose a sunny day, cut off the stems and leaves and dig out the whole root. In addition to leaving the bud head as seed, cut off the root of peony and process it for medicinal purposes. 2. Processing method: separate the peony root by big and small, soak the peony root in boiling water for 15 minutes, turn it frequently when hot, wait for the peony root epidermis to turn white, have no heart, when there is aroma, quickly pick it up and soak it in cold water, then take out and scrape off the skin, cut both ends, and dry separately according to thickness. It can also be shaved off and boiled and dried in the sun. Basking peony is an important part of processing. If the sun is too fierce, the wet surface is dry and cracked outside and inside, and it is easy to mildew and deteriorate. It usually comes out in the sun in the morning, dries for 3 hours at noon, and comes out again after 3pm. It is collected into the pile in the evening and covered with sacks or straw mats, so that the moisture in the peony root seeps out again the next day, so repeatedly, until it is dry inside and outside, it is sold as a commodity. The average yield per mu is 600-700 kg.