Cultivation techniques of planting Ganoderma lucidum with three harvests a year

Ganoderma lucidum is a kind of medicinal fungus. With the development of modern medicine, its medicinal value has been continuously explored, so artificial cultivation has received widespread attention. Its high-yield cultivation techniques are neither as complex as some people think, nor as simple as some people think. As long as the technical measures are appropriate, there is hope to achieve high yield. Judging from years of practice, it is generally necessary to master the following points in order to achieve three harvests a year:

I. rational arrangement of the production season

Ganoderma lucidum is a kind of fungus producing mushroom at high temperature and constant temperature. in the process of growth and development, higher temperature is required, and 26 ℃-28 ℃ is the best. The optimum temperature for mycelium growth was 28 ℃, which was significantly inhibited when the mycelium growth was lower than 27 ℃, and could be aged and autolyzed when the mycelium was higher than 30 ℃. The optimum temperature for fruiting body growth was 24 ℃-28 ℃, but it could not grow normally when it was below 18 ℃. Ganoderma lucidum primordium formation and fruiting body growth stage do not need temperature difference stimulation, too large temperature difference, can produce deformed Ganoderma lucidum. By contrast, in Anhui Province, only the temperature from May to October can meet the needs of the growth and development of Ganoderma lucidum. From the point of view of three harvests a year, the final harvest time should be in early September, so it is estimated that the mother seed should be propagated in early March, the original seed should be propagated in early April, the cultivation and inoculation should be carried out in early May, and it can be harvested three times in early July, early August and early September.

Second, select improved varieties according to local conditions

There are many kinds of Ganoderma lucidum. According to the shape and color, it can be divided into six kinds: Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma lucidum. The cultivated variety is Ganoderma lucidum. In Ganoderma lucidum, the improved varieties are: Xinzhou, Huizhou, South Korea, Taishan No. 1, Dabie Mountain Ganoderma lucidum and so on. Xinzhou Ganoderma lucidum, with strong stress resistance, large and thick bacterial cover, good commodity and high yield, is an excellent variety for export to earn foreign exchange. South Korean Ganoderma lucidum has fast bacteria, early production, large and neat pieces and high yield. Mount Tai Ganoderma lucidum grows rapidly and is suitable for substitute cultivation, but its yield is slightly lower. Ganoderma lucidum in the Dabie Mountains, with a large cover and dark color, is more suitable for wood cultivation. Therefore, all localities should determine the varieties according to the local production conditions (such as substitute material or section wood cultivation) and the purpose of production (such as export or domestic sale). If you adopt substitute cultivation and achieve three harvests a year, you can choose South Korean Ganoderma lucidum.

Third, the correct selection of substitute formula

Ganoderma lucidum is a woody saprophytic fungus. The suitable tree species are oak, sour jujube, bird tallow, elm, poplar and so on. Substitute cultivation should be based on sawdust of suitable tree species, properly matched with some cottonseed shell, corncob, etc., commonly used formula can be selected:

1. 83% sawdust, 15% corn meal (or wheat bran), 1% gypsum powder, 1% sucrose.

two。 Cottonseed hull 39%, sawdust 39%, corn meal (or wheat bran) 15%, gypsum powder 1%, sucrose 1%.

3. Corncob 78%. Wheat bran 15%, gypsum 2%, sucrose 1%, superphosphate 1%, urea 0.5%, lime 2.5%.

The older the sawdust, the better, but not mildew. Bran can also be replaced with rice bran and gypsum with calcium carbonate. The ratio of material to water is 1: 1. 4: 1. 6.

Fourth, bag sterilization and culture of hyphae

The cultivation bag can be made of low-pressure ethylene or acrylic tube material with wide 17cm and thick 0.4mm, cut into a long 33cm bag, tightly tied with a rubber band (cut into a white driving tube), mix well according to the above formula and put into the bag. Bagging machines can also be used where conditions permit. Try to make it loose and tight when you install it, and tie it to the other end after installation. When packed to the appropriate number of bags, put into the atmospheric pressure sterilization pot to sterilize. The sterilization time is 10ml for 12h, preferably during the day, stew overnight and then out of the pot. After getting out of the pot, the inoculation can be carried out when the bag temperature drops to about 30 ℃.

The bag after inoculation can be put into the culture room for mycelium culture. In the process of cultivating mycelium, when the temperature exceeds 28 ℃ and the humidity exceeds 65%, it should be ventilated to cool down. Attention should be paid to shading and ventilation during mycelium growth. After about 40 days, the hyphae can grow all over the bag.

Fifth, strengthen management and timely harvest

Bags full of mycelium can be transferred to the cultivation room. The bag can be stacked, and the height of the stack should be 8 Mel and 10 layers. After the fruiting body appears at the mouth of the bag, cut off the rubber band to let it produce mushrooms. During this period of time, we must maintain the appropriate temperature, humidity, light and control ventilation. The indoor temperature should be kept at 26 ℃-28 ℃, the air relative humidity should be kept at 85% Mel 95%, and the scattered light should be used for illumination. Ganoderma lucidum is very sensitive to carbon dioxide, poor ventilation can produce deformities. It can be harvested when the edge of the cap no longer grows and brown-red spores grow. It is best to cut it with a knife so that a new fruiting body can grow quickly on the original basis. After the second tide is ripe, it will be harvested again and again. Received: after the second tide. You can also take off the bag and bury it in the soil to make up for the lack of moisture in the bag. As long as the temperature is right, you can harvest three times. In general, 100kg dry material can be collected three times Ganoderma lucidum 8-10kg harvested Ganoderma lucidum should be dried in time.