Management method of planting Toona sinensis in greenhouse

Toona sinensis belongs to woody vegetables and its tender leaves are edible. When the ten-day average temperature is 15 ℃, the buds begin to sprout and show new leaves. Therefore, the picking period of open-field Toona sinensis in the middle of our province is mid-April. Greenhouse production of Toona sinensis is to transfer the stems of deciduous 1-and 2-year-old Toona sinensis into the greenhouse and give them certain temperature and moisture to sprout under the condition of highly dense planting, and then pick the young leaves one after another to plant greenhouse Toona sinensis should grasp the following five key links:

First, it is necessary to choose the stout stem and full terminal bud of Toona sinensis for regional planting.

If the stem of Toona sinensis is thick, the bud is large and full, and the nutrients are sufficient, the yield of new leaves is high. Therefore, seedlings of Toona sinensis in greenhouse should be selected before planting. When the heavy frost comes, the leaves of Toona sinensis fall off naturally, and the nutrients are returned to the stem and dug out and graded. The height of one-year-old seedling is 0.6 cm, the stem diameter is more than 1 cm, and the height of two-year-old seedling is 1-1.5 cm, and the stem diameter is over 1.5 cm. After raising the seedlings, the seedlings were graded according to the height of the seedlings. The seedling height of 1 to 1.5 meters is the first grade, 0.8 to 1 meter is the second grade, and 0.5 to 0.8 centimeters is the third grade. When planting, according to the characteristics of low in the south and high in the north, the third-grade seedlings were planted in the south, and the first-and second-grade seedlings were planted in the middle and north respectively.

Second, make full use of greenhouse space for highly close planting

Planting Toona sinensis in greenhouse is actually a kind of "fake planting". Only when the density is high, the leaf yield will be increased and the benefit will be good. According to the size of seedlings, it is required to plant 80 000 ~ 100000 seedlings per mu. The seedlings of more than 10 mu of land are used for 1 mu of greenhouse. When planting seedlings, you can open a ditch 30 cm deep from east to west, put the Toona sinensis in bundles and bury the root system with backfill soil. Every 3 to 4 ditches, set aside a 45 cm wide walkway for leaf harvesting management. Pour root water once after planting. The planting land generally does not need to apply base fertilizer, because the buds of Toona sinensis germinate and grow, which mainly depends on the storage of nutrients in the stem, and then picked in time after spreading leaves, basically do not use the nutrients in the soil, as long as the soil is moist, the air humidity is about 90%. There is no need for topdressing or foliar spraying during the growth period.

Third, do a good job of cold protection and heat preservation in greenhouse

For Toona sinensis after defoliation, it is necessary to have a temperature of about 25 ℃ for bud germination, and stabilize this temperature for not less than 10 hours a day, which is difficult to meet in general greenhouse. Therefore, an east-west fire path must be installed in the middle of the greenhouse to heat up. In addition, in order to save coal, it is also necessary to put a layer of corn stalks 50 centimeters thick on the outside of the greenhouse wall. The back slope of the greenhouse is also covered with old grass to reduce heat loss. In addition, the thickness of the grass on the front roof should not be less than 4 cm. When covering the grass, it should coincide with the width of 15-20 cm, and a rainproof film should be added to the grass after putting it at night. This can not only play a role in heat preservation, but also prevent rain and snow from soaking the grass and affecting its warmth.

Fourth, the management of budding and changing temperature by high temperature

In order to accelerate the germination of terminal buds, it is necessary to heat up the whole day after planting and keep the room temperature at 25 ℃ ~ 30 ℃. When the top bud was shaded, the temperature was kept at 23 ℃ ~ 25 ℃ in daytime and 12 ℃ ~ 15 ℃ at night, and the temperature difference between day and night was not less than 10 ℃, so as to prevent the stem and leaf from growing too fast, thin, light color, light taste and poor quality.

Fifth, making full use of greenhouse facilities to change one crop of greenhouse into two or three crops of greenhouse Toona sinensis harvest is mainly in winter, that is, from January to mid-March of the following year. At this time, the stems of Toona sinensis were dug out and planted according to 6000000 trees per mu. After survival, the rootstock was cut at 10cm and 15cm above the ground in time to promote bud germination under the cut mouth, strengthen management after warm weather, and move it into the greenhouse to continue leaf harvesting after defoliation in winter. In general, the leaf picking period is often extended to the end of April, resulting in a net consumption of storage and nutrition in the stalk. If you remove the seedlings from the greenhouse in early March and apply base fertilizer in time, you can also plant a crop of precocious vegetables such as cucumbers, tomatoes, peppers, beans and so on.