Post-harvest garden management of grape

The garden management after grape harvest is a problem that some fruit growers are easy to ignore, and the management of this period is as important as the management of the flowering and fruit-hanging period of grapes. whether the management is good or not will directly affect the grape production next year. After grape harvest to before defoliation, the leaf photosynthesis will appear the second peak, but the photosynthetic efficiency will decrease rapidly in the defoliation stage. Therefore, we must pay attention to this critical period of postharvest, strengthen management, protect leaves, and increase the storage of photosynthates. If the management of this period is ignored, the leaves will fall off prematurely, the photosynthesis will decrease, and the nutrients of the trees will be insufficient, which will lead to late and irregular germination next year, and even lead to inflorescence degradation and less flowering and fruit. if we do not pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests in this period, it will lead to a large overwintering base of diseases and insect pests and increase the difficulty and cost of pest control next year. In the management of this period, we should focus on the following aspects:

1. It is necessary to restore the tree potential, protect the leaves as far as possible and prevent the leaves from falling off prematurely. Do a good job of heart-picking, forking, remove tendrils and weak branches and old leaves, reduce nutrient consumption, adjust the flow of nutrients in the tree, and promote the fullness and maturity of bud eyes. For the orchard where the tree is thin and deficient, foliar fertilizer should be sprayed in time.

2. Do a good job in cleaning the garden and reduce the density of diseases and insect pests in the field. After the grape harvest is over, the pruned branches, withered leaves, diseased branches and leaves, residual diseased fruit and tendrils, broken bagging and weeds in the garden should be removed from the garden and buried or burned. In this way, it is beneficial to reduce the density of diseases and insect pests in the garden and reduce the occurrence rate of diseases and insect pests next year.

3. Apply autumn fertilizer combined with deep ploughing and loosening soil.

Autumn fertilizer is mainly rotten organic fertilizer (generally 2-3 tons of manure per mu or 1 ton of refined organic fertilizer), 2-3 packets of controlled-release fertilizer or 1-2 packages of compound fertilizer, 2 kg of granular boron, zinc and magnesium. The application time of autumn fertilizer should be "better early than late". Early fertilization, higher external temperature, more active soil microorganisms, conducive to fertilizer decomposition and root absorption, produce more organic nutrients, and lay a good foundation for grape safe overwintering and growth next year.

4. prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

The prevention and control of postharvest diseases and insect pests are mainly downy mildew, powdery mildew and shell insects, and core worms. The main protective agents used are Bordeaux solution, 80% sulfur, 80% mancozeb and other protective agents (serious diseases can also be treated with primary or secondary fungicides) and insecticides.

5, water management, the combination of drainage and irrigation, Rain Water should be timely drainage, in case of autumn and winter drought, should be timely irrigation, keep soil water content not less than 60%.