Management measures of growing Litchi in Spring

The climate is generally dry in China, which can promote the nutrition accumulation and flower bud differentiation of litchi and longan. At present, it is spring, and the management of litchi in this season is related to the key link of the growth and development of that year. According to the current growth and development of litchi and longan, the following suggestions on spring tube technology are put forward. The status of litchi trees varies greatly due to different varieties, so corresponding measures should be taken to manage them according to the specific conditions.

The main results are as follows: (1) Application of strong flower fertilizer: from the formation of flower ear to 15 days before flowering, old and weak trees should be applied early, with 2-3 kg compound fertilizer per plant according to the amount of fruit hanging.

(2) killing leaflets: before the leaflets begin to develop to turn red, choose leaflet atrophy, leaflet shedding or strong flowers to kill leaflets to cultivate pure spikelets.

(3) pruning: trees with shady crowns should be pruned, cutting off shady branches, weak branches, disease and insect branches, and improving ventilation and light transmission conditions; trees that have not yet germinated spikes should be pruned as soon as possible, which is beneficial to the germination and growth of flowering ears.

(4) panicle control: varieties with long spikes, such as Feizixiao, Guiwei, Nuomici and Huaizhiqing young trees, spray half amount of Qingling to control spike elongation when the spike is 8-10 cm; it is also possible to manually thinning flowers, truncating 1 spike, 3-1 spike, or cutting off half of the spike when the spike is 20 cm long; at the same time, removing the side branches of the flower ear which are too dense or weak, which is beneficial to the short and strong flower ear.

(5) strong flower: flower ear weak spraying 1-2 times polynucleotide + cytokinin + Wanfeng dew strong flower, combined with extra-root topdressing and pest control.

(6) Prevention and control of diseases and pests: the development period of flowers and ears is the period of occurrence of frost Phytophthora and litchi bugs. Insecticides should be sprayed every half a month, and insecticides should be used in rotation. Litchi fruit protectin is sprayed 15 days before female flowers bloom, and insecticide spraying is strictly prohibited 10 days before flowering so as not to harm bees and pollinating insects.

(7) do a good job of litchi pollination. ① released bees at flowering stage to improve pollination rate. ② florescence should spray water to prevent  flowers in case of dry weather. ③ florescence should shake off the flowers on rainy days to prevent retting.

(8) Feizixiao, Guiwei and Nuomici, which have good fertilizer and water management, should check the ring peeling to keep the ring open if the winter shoot was controlled by spiral ring peeling last autumn and winter; if there is no ring peeling, ring peeling and ring cutting is carried out before and after flowering to protect fruit.

(9) Fruit Debao was sprayed once 10-12 days and 40 days after flowering, and foliar fertilizer such as polynucleotides could be added to improve fruit quality.