Cultivation techniques of Dictyophora in North China

At present, the main producing area of Dictyophora is in the south, because the climate in the south is warm and humid, which is suitable for the growth of Dictyophora. Can Dictyophora be cultivated in the north with a cold and dry climate? After several years of experiments, the author found that as long as the management is strengthened, the planting of Dictyophora in the north can also achieve better benefits. The cultivation methods are as follows:

1. Site arrangement: choose cultivated land with sunny, ventilated, fertile soil and convenient drainage and irrigation. Make border bed, width 1m, height 30cm, length variable; border distance 50cm, border surface covered with fertilizer soil above 10cm, leveling. Then spray 5% formaldehyde solution on the border and seal for 12 hours. Before sowing, pile 5cm thick fertile soil on the border surface to one side for covering soil, and then spray the border bed with 0.3% dichlorvos solution or lime water. There is a sunshade around the site, and the light intensity requires "four yin and six yang".

2. Preparation of culture materials: the formula is corncob 48%, cornstalk 30%, miscellaneous wood chips 20%, gypsum powder 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%; or miscellaneous wood chips 68%, soybean stalk 30%, gypsum powder 1%, sugar 1%. Corncobs should be crushed into 2cm pieces before use, corn stalks or soybean stalks should be cut into 3cm-long fragments, and miscellaneous wood should be mechanically sliced. First dry the raw materials, then put them in a bag and soak them in clean water for 5 days, or soak them in 0.5% lime water for 2 days, then rinse them with clean water, remove them and drain them and then use them. 20kg per square meter of material, water content of about 65%.

3. Cultivation season: it can be cultivated twice a year: spring planting sows at the beginning of May and can be harvested in August; autumn planting sows in September and harvest in the following summer.

4. Sowing: using layer sowing method to spread materials and sow seeds. First spread 5cm thick on the bed, sow seeds by on-demand or sowing method, then spread 10cm thick culture material on top, and then sow a layer of bacteria after a little compaction; cover the soil with 5cm thick culture material, after compaction, cover the leaf residue, and then cover the soil. The border is covered with soil 5cm, the border is covered with soil 2cm, covered with film, heat preservation and moisture preservation. Use 8 bottles of seed per square meter, the seed block should not be too broken, and the size of broad bean grain is suitable.

5. Bed management:

① inoculation period: after sowing, cover the film, keep the temperature at about 25 ℃, ventilation once a day, 30 minutes each time; do not spray water within one month.

② budding period: 30 days later, when the white villous hyphae covered the border, cover the 1cm sterilized fertile soil, and then sprinkle a layer of leaves or pine needles. When the hyphae are twisted into buds, spray water on the border every day to keep the air humidity 80% and the temperature 25 ℃.

③ fruiting period: after 40 days, the fruiting bodies are formed one after another, the temperature should be controlled at 28%, the humidity should be kept at 90%, and the water spraying time should be before 7 o'clock in the morning. It is generally ventilated once a day, and when the temperature is high, it is ventilated once in the morning and evening for 30 minutes each time.

6. Overwintering management: Dictyophora can be harvested for more than two years at a time, but in the north, overwintering is an important link. The specific measures are as follows: before and after Frosts Descent, before the soil began to freeze, the border bed was covered with weeds and leaves, and the thickness was about 15cm. Pour frozen water before covering the soil, so that the border bed and the ditch beside the border are fully watered. When the soil began to thaw in the spring of the following year, the mulch was opened twice, each time every 7 days, and then entered the normal mushroom management.