Control of myxomycosis of Dictyophora

Once Dictyophora is attacked by slime mold, the loss is great, which should attract the attention of mushroom farmers all over the country. This paper gives a brief introduction to the harmful symptoms, causes, prevention and treatment.

1. Pathogen: the pathogen of Dictyophora slime disease is hairdressing fungus Comatrichapulchell (C.Bab) Rost, also known as hairdressing net. Its shape is cyst mass, sometimes dense, stipitate, ovoid to cylindrical, apex slightly pointed, dark brown or rust, full height 0.7-1.5mm; stalk black, generally shorter than cyst, rarely up to half of full height; cyst basement membrane thin membranous, discoid solitary, or a group of contiguous segments; cyst axis straight, tapering upward, near to the top of the cyst The spore is dense, curved, dark brown, the main branch is thicker, the branch is thinner, the connection is more, the free end is slightly less, the spore is spherical, brown in pile, the diameter is 6.5-8cm.

2. Harmful symptoms. The slime mold occurs on the bare soil or covered straw on the bamboo shoot border, and spreads rapidly. If the culture material in the border is infected, it will become moist and rotten, and there are a large number of bacteria and nematodes, which make the mycelium grow or die out gradually, and no longer grow Dictyophora; the buds of Dictyophora are waterlogged and moldy.

3. The cause of the disease. ⑴ high temperature and humidity environment: slime mold is suitable to grow in places rich in organic matter and humid environment. Especially under the condition of high temperature and humidity, the spore germinates and grows rapidly, and the colony expands rapidly, reaching 20cm in one day at most, and can cover a large area of border bed in a few days.

⑵ culture medium infects bacteria: slime mold takes bacteria, organic matter, mycelium fragments and spores of edible fungi as nutrient sources, especially bacteria as the best nutrition source. Dictyophora culture materials or buds are infected by bacteria, which can easily cause myxomycosis.

⑶ soil or water source, air with slime mold.

4. Prevention and cure. Adhere to the principle of "prevention first, comprehensive prevention and control".

⑴ uses high quality bacteria with no pollution and strong vitality. Bacteria that are odorous or too dry, too wet or too old are not suitable for use.

⑵ should pay attention to the selection of fields, sun exposure and sterilization in advance. The fields with sunny, ventilated, fertile soil and easy drainage were selected as cultivation fields, and the rice straw roots were cleared 20-30 days in advance. The drains around the border should be clear, wide and deep, without silting up Rain Water. During 7-10 days before cultivation, dichlorvos and carbendazim were sprayed 500 times and 25kg lime was applied per mu. One day before the whole bed is sown, take the above medicine and repeat it as required.

⑶ culture material treatment. Sawdust, bamboo shavings, fungus grass, waste fungus materials, etc. must be fully dried. When unloading cultivation, put the raw materials into the pool, add 2-3% bleach and soak for 24-36 hours, then remove the heap and ferment for 5-7 days. When soaking or composting, 0.3-0.5% lime and 500 times carbendazim are added to the water or material.

⑷ strengthened the management of border bed. Select sunny materials to sow, sow and cover the border with bamboo leaves or covered straw, and insert arched bamboo sheets to cover film heat preservation, moisturizing and rain protection; sunshades around mushroom sheds should not be too thick, too dense, and should be easy to ventilate; Rain Water is not silted in the border ditch, the humidity of the border soil is maintained at 20-25%, the air relative humidity is 80-90%, and the light is 600-800 lux.

Treatment after the onset of ⑸. Once the slime mold occurs in the border bed, stop spraying water immediately and increase the light and ventilation of the mushroom shed. At the same time, remove the culture material and loam, sprinkle lime and spray fungicides. At the initial stage of the disease, carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, copper sulfate and 100,200 international units of streptomycin or bleach containing available chlorine 150mg/L can be sprayed continuously for 3-4 times.