The yield of sweet potato seedlings increased on the shelf.

Last fall, on the day we were digging sweet potatoes, many onlookers came because they wanted to see what the yield of sweet potatoes was after they were planted on the shelves. As soon as they dug up a few piles, the onlookers were amazed: "the sweet potatoes on the shelf grow so well, they are big, neat, and have a lot of output!"

This is the sweet potato shelf test we have conducted in the past two years, aiming at the biological characteristics of sweet potato, such as light, cold, waterlogging, drought tolerance, love to take root, easy to grow, and so on, to solve the problem of growing seedlings without raising vines during the growth period, and the effect of increasing production is remarkable. The test methods and results are introduced as follows:

Test method for sweet potato

1. Pick up the pile. The soil can be opened in early spring to late April. If the soil is irrigated, the heap can be picked a few days before planting to preserve soil moisture. The diameter of the bottom of the reactor is about 60 cm, the height of the stack is about 25 cm, and the stack interval is 10 cm. Add the right amount of farm manure and sweet potato special fertilizer at the same time. Generally speaking, each mu of land can be piled up to about 1330.

2. Planting seedlings. In Tangshan area, in early May, the planting time of potato seedlings can be determined according to the Kang time of potato seedlings in other areas. Choose non-black root, more robust potato seedlings, each heap of 3 (triangular). If the soil moisture is poor, the seedlings should be planted in water to ensure the whole seedling.

3. Loosen the soil and weed. Weeding on the pine every half a month can be done three times in a general year to ensure that there are no weeds under the potato.

4. Insert the rack. When the potato seedlings grow to 60cm and 80cm, they begin to be planted on the shelf. Use 2-meter-long bamboo poles, 3 in each pile, inserted in a triangle, tied and fixed about 33 centimeters from the top of the pole. After the frame is planted, the potato seedlings will stand up with the pole, a pole of potato seedlings, with wet corn husk tied to potato seedlings, so that they grow upward. Often check, the growth of potato seedlings will be tied up, and according to the growth of bifurcations to control seedlings, until they reach the top of the pole.

Experimental results of sweet potato

Last year, we built six piles on the thin land on the hillside, selecting 138 varieties. After autumn, we dug out sweet potatoes and weighed them. The average weight of each pile on the shelf was 3 kg, and the average of each pile that was not on the shelf was 1.4 kg. 33 piles of sweet potatoes have been planted on the shelf this year, and the variety is still 138. Because of the experiment in the pear orchard, due to the influence of shade, the pile yield is slightly lower than that of last year. The average stack yield of sweet potato on the shelf is 2 kg, and the average yield of sweet potato not on the shelf is 0.65 kg.

Analysis on the reasons for increasing yield of Sweet Potato

1. Increase the light and increase the yield. Sweet potato seedlings are ventilated and transparent after being put on the shelf, do not take root randomly and consume nutrition, increase the light area, and can prevent excessive growth by branching.

2. Reduce the damage. After the sweet potato is put on the shelf, there is no need to turn the sweet potato seedlings, which reduces the root damage, increases the growth time accordingly, and lays the foundation for the high yield of sweet potato.

Note: each thick new bamboo pole is calculated at 0.2 yuan, which can be used for 4 years.

Planting conditions of sweet potato

1. Temperature: sweet potato likes warm and cold, and the ground temperature is about 10 ℃. It takes 5 days for 15 ℃, normal for 17-18 ℃, 3-day for 20 ℃, and one day for 27-30 ℃. When the temperature is 25-28 ℃, the stem and leaf grow faster, but the potato expands slowly when the temperature is above 30 ℃. The respiratory consumption was more than 38 ℃, and the stem and leaf grew slowly. The stem and leaf grew fast when the temperature was below 20 ℃, and stopped growing at 15 ℃. The duration below 10 ℃ became frost, and the stem and leaf withered.

2. Light: sweet potato likes light. Under the condition of sufficient light, the leaf color is thicker, the leaf age is longer, the stem is sturdy, the stem transport tissue is developed, and the yield is higher. If the light is insufficient, the leaves are yellow, the leaves are more deciduous, the leaf age is short, the stem is slender, the transport tissue is underdeveloped, the organic nutrients formed by assimilation are less transported to the root tuber and the yield is low.

3. Moisture: sweet potato is a drought-tolerant crop, but too much and too little moisture is not conducive to yield increase. Sweet potato is afraid of flooding, especially after fruiting, it has a great impact on the yield. The unbalanced growth rate of tuber inside and outside of the soil caused by the uncertainty of soil dryness and humidity often leads to the phenomenon of bark cracking. In short, sweet potatoes are afraid of both waterlogging and drought. The masses say, "dry long firewood roots, wet long whisker roots, non-dry and wet long roots." In order to obtain high yield of sweet potato, we should timely and properly irrigate according to specific conditions, drain waterlogging in time and thoroughly, and strengthen ploughing and preserving soil moisture in dry land.

4. Nutrients: sweet potato has strong fertilizer absorption ability and resistance to barren, but sufficient fertilizer must be applied for high yield. in addition to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, sulfur, iron, magnesium and calcium also play an important role. among the three elements, sweet potato has the most requirements for potassium, followed by nitrogen and phosphorus. According to the analysis, every 1000 jin of sweet potato contains 3.5jin of nitrogen, 1.75jin of phosphorus and 5.6jin of potassium. Therefore, increasing the application of potassium fertilizer, timely and appropriate amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer can significantly increase the yield.

5. Soil: it is better for sandy loam and sandy soil with rich organic matter, loose, aerated and good drainage in deep soil layer. when the soil is sticky and heavy, the skin color of root tuber is not good, rough, irregular potato shape, low yield and not resistant to storage. However, sandy loam and sandy soil generally have low fertility and poor water retention, so fertilization and other measures should be adopted to gradually improve soil fertility in order to obtain high yield. Sweet potato is more resistant to acid and alkali, and the range of pH value is about 4.5 to 8.5, but 5.2 to 6.7 is suitable. When the soil salt content is more than 0.2%, it is not suitable to plant sweet potato.

Sweet potatoes are quite common in our lives. There are many ways to eat sweet potatoes, which can be cooked or roasted at ordinary times, so the cultivation of sweet potatoes in the market is also very common, but if you want to increase the output of sweet potatoes, you must first understand the planting conditions of sweet potatoes.