Rational topdressing of Rice to promote High yield by booting Fertilizer

Rice cultivation is very common in our south, and there is a great demand for rice in our country, but with more and more young people going out to work, more and more fields have been abandoned. As a result, the cultivation of rice in our country is far from in a state of supply and demand.

Rational topdressing of Rice to promote High yield by booting Fertilizer

1. Topdressing should be timely.

Generally speaking, the internodes of rice begin to elongate, and the young panicle begins to differentiate is the best time to topdressing. If panicle fertilizer is applied too early, it will cause too fast vegetative growth and increase the number of ineffective tillers; if topdressing is too late, it will make rice green and late mature, young leaves grow too long, induce diseases and insects, lodging and reduce yield.

2. Topdressing should be in the right amount

Rice topdressing at booting stage generally depends on the field and seedling application. Where the fields are fertilized, the basic fertilizer is sufficient, the rice seedlings are flourishing, and the leaves are thick and green, they should be applied less and less; otherwise, they should be applied more. Usually, compound fertilizer is applied at 8 / mu and 10 kg / mu.

3. Topdressing should be combined with deep irrigation

As the peasant proverb goes, "when the grain is packed, the water reaches the waist." Panicle topdressing must be combined with deep irrigation, and topdressing should be sprayed to avoid high temperature evaporation. At the same time, pest control should be done to ensure safe booting, heading, flowering and fruiting of rice, and strive for high quality and high yield.

Nursery bed temperature management

The main results are as follows: 1. After sowing, the dew tip of the first leaf is dominated by heat preservation. The temperature in the greenhouse is 28-30 ℃, the optimum temperature is 25-28 ℃, the 2-leaf stage is 25 ℃, the 3-leaf stage is 20-22 ℃, and the lowest temperature is not less than 10 ℃. If the temperature is low at night, measures such as turning on the electric light in the greenhouse or burning rice husks should be taken to increase the temperature, and those raising seedlings in the small shed should cover straw or cold-proof quilts outside the shed to increase the temperature, so as to ensure that the minimum temperature index for each leaf age of the seedling can be achieved. so that rice seeds can grow and develop normally on the seedling bed.

2. Ventilation management of seedbed. After the emergence and greening of rice seedlings, the plastic film should be removed, and it is best to uncover the plastic film in the morning or evening. The temperature difference inside and outside the shed is small, and the seedlings can adapt to the new environment quickly. If the mulch is uncovered when the temperature is high at noon, the water transpiration of the aboveground seedlings is fast, and the root absorption is slow. It is easy to cause physiological water loss of seedlings. After uncovering the plastic film, small ventilation can be carried out, and the ventilation reaches the lowest temperature limit of each leaf age, and the shed should be closed in time. With the increase of leaf age, the time of ventilating seedlings is prolonged accordingly, especially in 2.5leaf stage, the temperature should not exceed 25 ℃, and the temperature should be higher than 25 ℃. It is necessary to cool down by ventilation to prevent early heading. The temperature inside and outside the shed is close to the same after the 3-leaf stage, and if there is no frost at night, there is no need to cover the film and wait for transplanting.

Management of planting Rice after transplanting

1. Shallow water management. After the rice turns green, the water layer should be controlled at 3-5 cm shallow water, which is beneficial to increase the water temperature and soil temperature, and promote the early tillering and rapid tillering of seedlings. Do not irrigate too much to promote the occurrence of new roots of seedlings, quickly turn green and increase the number of effective panicles.

2. Remove water and sun up the fields. When the number of tillers reaches 80% of the expected number of effective panicles, the field is dried to the extent that the field surface is not sunken, and the growth of invalid tillers is controlled until the number of tillers begins to decline, the leaves of rice turn green, and the base becomes round and hard. After drying the field, shallow water management was carried out, dry and wet alternately, and water was removed to cool the field 10 days before harvest.

Rice seedling raising technology

1. Selection of seedling field.

Seedling fields require fertile soil, convenient drainage and irrigation, and no salinity, and we should resolutely overcome the habit of using ditch riversides, roadsides and places with poor fertility to make seedling fields.

2. Fertilization in seedling field.

The fertility of seedling field is the key to cultivate strong seedlings. The rice seedling field should be ploughed with 5 / mu farm manure and 50 kg rotten cake fertilizer. Five days before sowing, 20 kg of monoammonium or diammonium 15 mi, 40 kg of ammonium sulfate, 20 kg of potassium sulfate and 2 kg of zinc sulfate were applied in 5 mu net seedling bed. You can also use Wo Jing brand or Wali brand or Qiangwang brand rice seedling formula fertilizer 30ml 40kg sprinkled on the head, and then fine rake, so that the soil, fertilizer mix evenly, after finishing to sow.

3. Seed soaking and disinfection

In order to improve the germination rate of seeds, the seeds should be dried for 3 days before sowing, and then the seeds should be selected by wind or muddy water to achieve full seeds and strong germination potential. In order to eliminate the germs carried by the seeds, the seeds should be disinfected after seed selection. In the rice stripe disease area, after soaking the seeds, 10% imidacloprid 20 grams plus a small amount of fine soil are mixed well with the seeds, and then sowed, which can control the virus vector rice planthopper.

4. Sowing date and quantity

Sowing early or late is not conducive to the cultivation of strong seedlings, sowing too early, seedling age aging, lack of tillers, slow tillers and few tillers after planting. Sowing too late, the seedlings are tender and weak, and return to green slowly after planting. According to the existing varieties of wheat stubble rice in our county, it is better to sow on May 5-10, and the seedling age is 35-40 days. The area of seedling field is calculated according to the net seedbed of 45 square meters per mu of field, and 2.5 kilograms of high-quality rice seeds are needed. The sowing amount per mu of seedling field is about 35 kg, the sowing date is a little later, and the sowing amount is slightly increased.

5. Sowing method

Two days before sowing, the bed was soaked with water, and the ground was carefully prepared so that the mud was rotten and the surface was flat. When the water infiltration of the seedling bed is reached, when there is no mud, the fine sowing is carried out, and when sowing, half the seed is put into the mud, and you can not sow the seed without seeing the seed, in case the sowing depth is different and the seedling is uneven. After sowing, gently pat with a shovel to make the seed and mud surface flat. When the dung to be covered can not be wet, then cover it with 1:2 sifted and rotten dung, with a thickness of 0.7mi 1cm. This is crucial. It is strictly forbidden to sow thin mud and cover it with dung. The dung soil covered by the bed is dry and breathable, which is very important to promote the rooting of seeds. If the permeability is poor, the roots are less, the seedlings are weak and the tillers are less, at the same time, it can also preserve soil moisture and increase temperature, control the rise of groundwater, restrain the rise of salinity and alkali, promote the root system to root down, and achieve the goal of more roots and seedlings.

6. Watering and topdressing

Drought is the main growth before the three-leaf stage, and after the three-leaf stage, if malnutrition, it is easy to induce blight. During the period of two leaves and one heart, weaning fertilizer is applied, 45% formula fertilizer or urea 3mer 5kg / mu is used and small water is watered once; when three leaves are one heart, tiller promoting fertilizer is applied, urea 10kg / mu or formula fertilizer 12m 5kg / mu is applied, and small water is watered once to promote seedling tillering. In the future, as long as the alkali is not returned to the bed or the leaves of the seedlings are not curled, the watering times should be reduced as far as possible to make the seedlings grow dry, promote the development of roots and improve the quality of seedlings. For the back-alkali seedling bed, the growth of seedlings will be seriously affected, so it is necessary to wash the bed with water, pour alkali with water, irrigate enough water in the morning, drain water in the afternoon, wash alkali and then water and fertilize. Usually pay attention to the weather forecast, encounter strong winds and cool weather, pay attention to irrigation to prevent low temperature and cold damage. The seedlings should stop water for 40 days to train the seedlings, so that the seedling tissue is old, the leaves are washed up, and the stress resistance is improved.

Although rice is one of the most needed grains in our country, with the planting area of rice in our country becoming less and less, it is imperative to increase the yield of rice. Now many places in rural areas of our country have grown rice on a large scale, so it is very important to master some rice planting techniques with the times.