Management of transplanting Rice seedlings by Machine

1. Tillage requirements of field plots

1) Field ploughing: the depth of rotary ploughing is 10 cm to 15 cm, and the depth of ploughing is 15 cm to 20 cm.

2) leveling of the field: the difference between the height of the ground surface within the range of each field is less than 3 cm. There are no weeds, sundries, shallow stubble and other residues on the surface of the field.

3) after ploughing, there is a little mud on the surface of the field, the lower soil is finely broken, the hardness of the topsoil is moderate, and the depth of the mud foot is less than 30 cm.

4) after ploughing, the mud is solid: Sandy soil for more than 1 day, loam for more than 2 days, clay for more than 3 days. To achieve a clear mud-water, mud depth of 5-8 cm, water layer depth of 1-3 cm, precipitation is not hardened.

2. Seedling quality requirements

The main results are as follows: 1) the seedling density is uniform, hybrid rice has 1.5 seedlings per square centimeter, the root system of hybrid rice is well developed, the number of white roots per plant is more than 10, and the root system is compact.

2) the seedling age is 15 ~ 20 days, the leaf age is 3.5 ~ 4 leaves, the seedling height is 12 ~ 20 cm, the stem base is thick and flat, the leaves are green, the roots are white, the plants are short and strong, the growth is neat, and there are no disease plants and insect pests.

3) the thickness of the root soil of the seedling plate is 2.0-2.5 cm, the thickness is the same, it does not contain hard sundrips such as stones and roots, and the moisture content is 35%-50%. It is appropriate not to drip water when it is taken out from the seedling plate.

3. Equipment requirements

The rice transplanter should meet the technical requirements of the product, the technical requirements of the whole machine should meet the requirements of the operating instructions, and the technical condition is good.

4. Adjustment of rice transplanter

The main results are as follows: 1) the adjustment of seedling quantity: according to the rice variety and seedling growth, the times of horizontal seedling quantity and longitudinal seedling quantity are adjusted successively according to the agronomic requirements to ensure the suitable seedling quantity. Generally, the number of seedlings per hole is 3-5.

2) the adjustment of hole (plant, seedling) distance: according to the rice variety, adjust the hole (plant, seedling) distance according to the agronomic requirements. (it is recommended that the distance between plants be 3.3 square meters and 90 holes for transplanting seedlings)

3) the adjustment of transplanting depth: adjust the position of the transplanting depth adjusting rod according to the specific conditions of the field and seedlings. It is better not to float or fall, and it is better to be shallow. Generally, the depth of transplanting rice seedlings is 0.5 cm.

4) the adjustment of the soft and hard sensor of the field: use the sensor adjusting rod to change the sensing sensitivity according to the soft and hard condition of the ploughed field. After adjustment, the depth of transplanting should be adjusted accordingly.

5) Adjustment of seedling bed pressure bar and seedling press bar: according to the seedling planting posture in the field after transplanting, adjust the seedling bed pressure bar and seedling pressure bar.

6. Seedling loading and seedling replenishment

1) when loading seedlings for the first time, the seedling box should be moved to the leftmost or rightmost side, and then loaded.

2) in the transplanting operation, when the seedling is reduced to a certain extent, the indicator light of the seedling monitor is lit and the alarm is called, the seedlings should be replenished in time.

3) when replenishing the seedlings, the transplanting clutch should be hung in the neutral position, and the brake lever should be operated to stop the transplanter.

4) when supplying seedlings, there should be no gap between the supplied seedling block and the bed soil end face of the remaining seedling block.

7. Transplanting rice seedlings

The reasonable driving route of rice transplanter should be determined according to the size and shape of the field. And ensure the driving straightness of the first line of work. According to the classification of seedling density and transplanting in batches, the missed transplanting rate can be reduced, the quality of mechanical transplanting can be guaranteed, and a good foundation for bumper harvest and high yield can be laid.