Control of Drosophila melanogaster in growing Rice in Philippine Island

The scientific name Hydrellia philippina Ferino belongs to Diptera, Muscidae. Hairy-eyed water fly is a general term for harming rice water flies. In addition to Oriental hairy-eye water flies, there are many kinds of water flies, such as gray thorn water flies, rice water flies (Ephydra macellaria Egger) and so on. Five species have been found all over the world, with similar morphology. It is distributed in all rice areas of the country.

Host rice, Zizania caduciflora, Ye Ying, Li Shihe and so on.

The larvae ate the leaf sheath and mesophyll, and the yellowish-brown insect feces were accumulated in the leaf sheath, and then the rotten plants were collapsed.

The morphological characteristics of the adult are as follows: body length 1.7-2.3mm, wingspan 4.6mm, body grayish brown to black gray, head lead gray. The compound eyes are covered with short black hairs. Uh, short. The abdomen is black, but densely covered with fine hairs and greenish gray, only the back of the abdomen is dark gray, with a gray band on the trailing edge of each link. There is a flattened process at the ventral end of the male, which is born in the middle of the base of the lateral caudate leaf. The egg length is 0.5-0.7mm, long fusiform, colostrum white, and then gray. The last instar larvae are 6-8mm in body length, colostrum white, then light yellow to yellowish green, long cylindrical, 11 nodes, smooth body surface and bristles. The pin is dark brown and the back ends are bifurcated. The anterior thoracic valve is protruding and there is a pair of valves at the end of the abdomen. The pupa is 5-9mm long, 2-3mm wide, 12-segmented, cylindrical, initially yellowish brown, then yellowish brown or brown, with 2 clusters of black bristles at the front of the head. There is a pair of black valve protrusions at the tail.

The living habits are 8 generations a year in Xiangzhou and Taiwan, Guangxi. The overwintering larvae overwintered on Li Shihe, late rice regeneration seedlings and Yingbai in Shuigou. The overwintering larvae began to move to the rhizome in the middle of March of the following year. The peak periods of the 2nd and 3rd generations occurred from mid-April to early June and from late May to mid-July. The 4th, 5th and 6th generations occurred from early July to mid-August, from early August to mid-September and from early September to mid-October. Each female can lay 10-40 eggs, the life span of adults is 4 mi 8 days, the egg is scattered, the egg stage is 2 mi 4 days, the larval stage is 11 mi 20 days, and the pupal stage is 5 mi 11 days. In addition, the habit of rice stem hairy eye water fly is similar to that of this insect. The damage to rice mainly occurred from the first ten days of May to the middle of October, and the peak period was from late July to early October, and the third and fourth generations occurred in the whole year.

Control methods: (1) by regularly stripping and checking the progress of pupation, the peak period of adult Eclosion and the peak period of egg hatching were predicted, once every 5 ~ 10 days. (2) completely eliminate the residual plants of rice before March every year, and concentrate on burying or burning them. (3) to control the first and second generation, control the third and fourth generation, kill newly hatched larvae and control adults. Spray 1500 times of 25% Eckas EC or 2.5% deltamethrin EC of 2500 times, 2500 times of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder, 50% of fly maggot net powder or 35% of phosphos EC 2000 times. (4) Quarantine shall be carried out, and outward transportation of rice seedlings with water flies shall be prohibited.