How to control aphids in growing peanuts

Peanuts eat more in our lives, we all know that peanuts have many effects, eating raw can have the effect of tonifying blood, but also can be fried into peanut oil, is also very good, so peanuts have many uses.

How to control aphids in growing peanuts

Peanut aphid is an important pest of peanut. In the early flowering stage, peanut aphids mostly concentrated on the top stems, leaves and flowers, and the damaged plants had curly leaves and slow growth, which affected flowering and fruiting.

In our area, peanut aphids migrate from weeds, thorns and other hosts to peanut fields after peanut emergence. The spot film occurred in the first and middle of June, and then spread the harm to the whole field. It is the time when peanuts are in full bloom. If the weather is dry, the temperature is high, the density of insect population increases sharply, and the harm is aggravated, this period is the key to prevention and control.

Prevention and cure method

1. Use 1% dimethoate powder or 1.5% aphid net 2 kg per mu.

2. Spray with 2000 liquid of deltamethrin emulsion or 4000 times of aldicarb can also be sprayed with 1000 liquid of dimethoate emulsion.

Fertilization Management of planting Peanut

First, light topdressing fertilizer, peanut seedling fertilizer can promote its early development, strong seedlings and more branches, increase flowers and fruits, increase yield, and need less fertilizer at seedling stage, but if basal fertilizer is insufficient or no basal fertilizer is applied, quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer should be applied properly to promote seedling growth and flower bud differentiation. Urea 3kg / mu can be used directly before anthesis, or 250kg of water fertilizer in urine of mature human and animal feces can be used, and the amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be added.

The second is to apply flower needle fertilizer. More fertilizer is needed in the flowering stage, and the function is to promote more flowering, more planting and more fruiting of peanuts. Generally, urea 4kg / mu, diammonium phosphate 6kg / mu, potassium sulfate 5kg / mu, or plant ash 50kg / mu. If the podding period of the lower needle is weak, 100g 250g urea can be added in the extra-root topdressing.

The third is to apply pod fertilizer skillfully. Podding period is the period that needs the most fertilizer, and it is also the key period to promote the accumulation of dry matter and the development of fruit needles and pods. Grasp the application of diammonium phosphate 4kg / mu and calcium superphosphate 6kg / mu before closure. For those who do not apply boron or zinc fertilizer, 0.1% 0.1% zinc sulfate or borax aqueous solution can be sprayed for 2 times when podding fertilizer is applied. In the later stage of peanut growth, because the plant has been closed, it is not suitable for topdressing fertilizer, but for those who have the phenomenon of de-fertilization, foliar spraying fertilizer with urea solution with a concentration of 1% to 2% can be used to improve the seed setting rate and strong fruit.

Key points of Management techniques for High yield of Peanut

First, release seedlings, replant and clear branches in time. Film-covered peanut when the seedling top crack soil pile is green, withdraw the soil (pile) above the sowing line to the furrow to expose the cotyledon node. From the rosette stage (the main stem has 4 compound leaves), the lateral branches buried under the film should be checked and picked in time to make them grow healthily and should be carried out 2-3 times before flowering.

Second, timely drainage and irrigation to prevent drought and waterlogging. Spring and summer peanuts sown with sufficient moisture generally do not need watering at the seedling stage. Proper drought is beneficial to root development and improve the ability of drought and waterlogging resistance of plants. Drought occurs in the seedling stage of wheat interplanting peanut, so it is necessary to water the seedling in time.

The middle growth stage (flowering needle stage and podding stage) is the most sensitive period for peanut to water, and it is also the period when the peanut needs the most water. When the plant leaves wilt around noon, they should be watered in time. In the later stage of growth (full fruit stage), drought should be watered and irrigated in time to prevent premature senescence and aflatoxin contamination of pods. In addition, the peanut field should make the three ditches unobstructed without waterlogging damage.

Third, timely ploughing, topdressing and weeding. Wheat interplanting peanuts ploughed and killed stubble and weeded in time after wheat harvest. The plots that need topdressing should be ditched on one side of the peanut plant, then covered with soil and watered, suitable for soil moisture and middle ploughing. When the peanuts in the field are close to the ridge closure, the soil should be cultivated through trenches between two rows of peanuts, and the soil should be clear, the ridge waist is fat, and the ridge top is concave, so that more fruit needles can be put into the soil and bear fruit.

Fourth, timely prevention and control of diseases and pests. When the rate of diseased leaves of peanuts reaches 10%, fungicides such as 1500 times of Baitai wettable powder, 1500 times of methyl topiramate and 43% tebuconazole are sprayed alternately on the leaf surface for 2-3 times at an interval of 10-15 days to prevent leaf spot and net spot.

How to prevent and control peanut shell

1. Increase the application of organic fertilizer. Due to the comprehensive nutrition of organic fertilizer, 3000-4000 kg of rotten organic fertilizer is generally applied per mu as base fertilizer. A large amount of base fertilizer can be applied to the whole plough layer, while a small amount can be used as seed fertilizer.

2. Apply calcium superphosphate. Because calcium superphosphate not only contains phosphorus, but also contains a lot of gypsum, gypsum is also called calcium sulfate, which can increase calcium fertilizer for the soil. Generally, 30-40 kg calcium superphosphate per mu is applied as base fertilizer.

3. Spraying boron fertilizer. Boron is a necessary nutrient element for the normal development of plant floral organs and reproductive organs. Sandy soil and soil with serious boron deficiency can apply 1 kg of borax per mu as base fertilizer or seed fertilizer. In general, the soil can be fertilized with 0.2% Mel 0.3% borax solution for 2 or 3 times in the early flowering stage.

① was sprayed with molybdenum fertilizer. Molybdenum fertilizer can promote peanut root nodule development, dark green leaves, strong growth and full fruit. In the early flowering stage or needle knot stage, 0.3% Mu 0.5% ammonium molybdate solution was used for extra-root topdressing.

② applied potash fertilizer deeply. Potash fertilizer should be applied deeply below the fruit layer to prevent the fruit layer from containing too much potassium, affect the absorption of calcium and increase rotten fruit.

4. If the growth of peanut seedlings is weak and the leaves are light, 0, 3% urea and 0, 3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be increased, once every 7-10 days, continuously sprayed 2-3 times, which can reduce the empty shell rate of peanuts, increase the seed setting rate, and generally increase the yield by more than 10%.

Thus it can be seen that in the process of planting peanuts, it is very important for disease prevention and treatment, and it is also an important way to increase yield. The second is the treatment technology of peanut shell, which also directly affects the yield of peanut.