Skillful in planting late sowing wheat with high yield

Make up for the night with fattening

Compared with suitable sowing wheat, late sowing wheat consumes relatively less fertilizer, but because late sowing wheat generally consumes more nutrients in the previous crop and reduces available nutrients in the soil, coupled with late sowing, early seedlings are small and weak, so it is not suitable for water and fertilizer management, so, it is particularly important to apply sufficient base fertilizer and seed fertilizer, increase nitrogen and phosphorus quick-acting fertilizer, and promote early seedling development. General mu application of farm manure more than 3 cubic meters, ammonium bicarbonate 30 kg, calcium superphosphate 30 kg, seed fertilizer urea or diammonium 5 kg. Organic fertilizer and ammonium bicarbonate should be applied at the bottom of ploughing, phosphate fertilizer should be sprinkled, and seed fertilizer urea or diammonium can be mixed with seeds, but they must be uniform and should not be excessive, so as not to burn roots and rot sprouts and reduce the germination rate. It is best to apply seed fertilizer before sowing seeds. In particular, it should be pointed out that the seeds soaked to accelerate germination should not be mixed with seed fertilizer.

In addition, appropriate shallow sowing can also reduce the consumption of seed nutrients, ensuring early emergence, early tillering, multiple roots, sowing depth of 3 to 4 cm is appropriate, but soil preparation should be solid, soil moisture should be sufficient.

Make up for the time and make up for the night

How to seek "early" in "late" is the key to increase the yield of late sowing wheat. In production, the methods of no-tillage and simple soil preparation should be carried out as early as possible without affecting or less affecting the yield and varieties of previous crops. The land that has been ploughed deeply for years can no longer be ploughed deeply, and the low-lying land with excessive humidity can be ploughed without tillage.

In order to promote early germination and seedling emergence of late-sowing wheat, seed soaking can be carried out to promote seed germination. The method is as follows: put the seeds in warm water of about 50 ℃, soak them for 5 minutes, remove and pile them, cover them with wet sacks or straw bags, turn them over once after half a day, ensure that the temperature is about 25 ℃, sprinkle cold water when hot, sprinkle warm water when cool, and crack the mouth of wheat seeds for one day and night. If you can't finish sowing on the same day, you must spread it out to dry to avoid the root elongation of wheat seeds.

Make up for the night with secret

The late sowing wheat has insufficient accumulated temperature before winter, less tillers per plant and less tillers into spikes. therefore, we should appropriately increase the sowing rate and rely on the main stem to form spikes to obtain higher yield. The suitable sowing rate per mu is 200000 ~ 250000 basic seedlings, and the maximum sowing rate should not exceed 300000 basic seedlings.

Because the growth period of wheat is shortened because of late sowing, weak spring or spring varieties should be selected in production. These varieties have the advantages of rapid development, short vegetative growth time and high grain filling intensity, so it is easy to achieve the goals of large ear, many grains, grain weight, early maturity and high yield. At present, the varieties suitable for late sowing in our province are Yumai 18-99, Yanzhan 4110, Zhengmai 9023 and so on.

Use management to make up for the evening

Late sowing wheat consumes less fertilizer and water before winter and early spring, and there is no shortage of water and nutrients before turning green and jointing. It is generally not suitable for topdressing and watering, so as not to reduce the ground temperature and affect the development of seedlings. Urea or compound fertilizer can be sprayed on the leaves to promote the growth of seedlings from February to March in spring. For the wheat fields with poor soil preparation quality, poor soil moisture or poor soil moisture, the wheat fields can be suppressed in winter and early spring, and then shallow hoe can be used to achieve the effect of increasing soil moisture, preserving soil moisture and increasing temperature. In order to control spring tillers and promote winter tillers to form ears, high-yield wheat fields do not topdressing or watering at jointing stage, and from the middle of February to the first ten days of March, shallow hoeing to loosen the soil, increase temperature and preserve soil moisture, promote early seedling development and more roots, but can not be fertilized and watered prematurely, otherwise, it will not only affect the root growth, but also result in large tillering capacity of wheat seedlings in spring, long field canopy, slow polarization and delayed growth period. However, for the middle and low yield wheat fields, the management of small water and small fertilizer in spring can promote rooting, tillering and increase the population.

The jointing stage is the key period for the management of late sowing wheat, which can be attacked by both fertilizer and water, applying urea 7-10 kg per mu, preventing greedy green late ripening, promoting the growth of flag leaves, flag leaves and stem nodes, which is very beneficial to the increase of 1000-grain weight.