It is urgent to prevent and control trematodes in wheat.

Wheat midge is a destructive pest with strong concealment. Once it occurs in a large area, it will take 5 to 7 years to basically control it. It is very important to do a good job in the control of wheat midge. To this end, the reporter recently made a special interview with Chen Xinhong, an expert in wheat breeding and a researcher at the Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Northwest University of Agriculture and Forestry.

Occurrence regularity of wheat trematodes

Wheat trematode, also known as wheat maggot. Its larvae feed on the slurry of wheat grains, resulting in shrunken grains, which can reduce wheat production by about 30%, and in serious cases, it is a destructive pest. Because of its small body, hidden occurrence and harm, and short critical period of control, it is easy to miss the best period of control. Chen Xinhong pointed out.

Wheat trematodes occur one generation a year. Overwintering trematodes cocoon in the soil over the summer and winter, and the larvae pupate in the shallow soil from late March to April and the middle of the next year. During the heading stage, the midge pupated and unearthed, and then selected in the heading but not flowering wheat ears to lay eggs, usually hatched after 3 days. After hatching, the larvae drill through the glume gap into the wheat grain to suck the juice, resulting in the blighted grain of wheat, resulting in a reduction in yield. After 15 days and 20 days of damage, it matures and falls into the soil, forming a cocoon at a depth of about 10 cm to pass the summer and winter. The hatching period of larvae is basically consistent with the flowering and filling stage of wheat, and this spawning habit is the main reason for the severity of damage among different plots and varieties in the same place. Chen Xinhong said.

Grasp the influencing factors for effective prevention and control

Chen Xinhong said that there are many factors affecting the occurrence of wheat trematodes, such as climatic conditions, wheat varieties, rotation and cultivation methods, soil, and so on. It is more effective to prevent and cure it according to the factors that affect its occurrence. Generally speaking, we can carry out prevention and control in three ways:

1. Select insect-resistant varieties. Generally, the varieties with long, prickly, neatly arranged spikelets, thick glume, short and neat florescence and thick grain skin are disadvantageous to the oviposition, larval invasion and damage of trematodes. The selection of these varieties can effectively prevent the occurrence of slurry sucking pests.

two。 Crop rotation. The rotation of wheat with rape, legumes, cotton and rice makes trematodes lose their hosts and plays a significant role in reducing the number of insects.

3. Chemical control. Chen Xinhong said: around May Day, the implementation of one spray and multiple control technology and the implementation of mixed spraying of pesticides, fungicides, and foliar fertilizer can achieve the goal of disease prevention, pest control, and yield increase. Insecticides are cypermethrin, phoxim, imidacloprid and so on. Diniconazole, tebuconazole and trimethoprim are selected as fungicides. Foliar fertilizer is 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or other foliar fertilizer. According to the actual situation of the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, according to the instructions for the use of the product, it can be mixed and sprayed in proportion, and micro-fertilizer can be added to form the medicine solution at the same time.

Finally, Chen Xinhong suggested that the vast number of growers, in each period of the occurrence of wheat midges, should take corresponding control measures according to the specific situation, so as to detect them in advance and control them in time, so as to avoid a serious reduction in wheat production.