Control of Diseases and insect pests in sowing period of planting Wheat

The prevention and control of diseases and insect pests from autumn sowing period to seedling stage is an important technical content to ensure that the whole seedling is strong, and the sowing date and seedling stage of wheat are also the key periods for the control of many diseases, insect pests and weeds. In view of the occurrence characteristics of diseases and insect pests in wheat sowing period, we should adhere to the plant protection policy of "prevention first, comprehensive control" and carry out comprehensive control according to local conditions.

First, take good care of the seeds and select disease-resistant varieties.

The varieties with high quality and high yield and good comprehensive stress resistance were selected. The varieties promoted in recent years are Shixin 828, Shixin 733, Jimai 22, and water-saving varieties are Shimai 15, Shiyou 17, and so on. The selected varieties must be healthy and disease-free seeds that have passed phytosanitary.

II. Agricultural measures

1. Select seeds. Before sowing, we should sun up and select seeds, remove blighted grains, bad grains, budding seeds, grass seeds, etc., so as to improve seed quality and reduce the spread of Gramineae weeds.

2. Suitable late sowing and reasonable close planting.

The suitable sowing date in Zhaoxian County is October 5-15, and the sowing rate is 20-25 jin. Sowing prematurely, diseases and insect pests occur seriously. Therefore, the sowing date should not be too early.

3. The occurrence and harm of wheat rosette dwarf disease can be reduced by removing the diseased body and weeds in the field and around, and destroying the habitat and overwintering place of gray planthopper, cricket and pathogen.

3. Chemical treatment before sowing

1. Soil treatment for plots with serious wheat sheath blight and soil-borne diseases, 50% carbendazim 1 kg + 15% triadimefon (triadimefon) 1 kg + 100 kg water can be selected and poured into the soil or sprayed on the surface with water, then ploughing and soil preparation, or 50% carbendazim or 70% methyl thiophanate 2 kg + 100 kg water sprayed on the surface or 50 kg of fine soil, ploughing and soil preparation. For plots with serious occurrence of underground pests such as golden needles, crickets, mole crickets and grubs, 2 kilograms of 2.5% methyl isomaliphate granules or 40% phoxim EC per mu were mixed with 15-20 kilograms of fine soil, sprinkled on the surface and turned into the soil when ploughing with fertilizer.

2. Seed dressing with medicament:

Control grub, golden needle worm, mole cricket and gray planthopper, aphid, prevent cluster dwarf disease and yellow dwarf disease. You can use Kefeng aphid-free seed dressing or 70% imidacloprid wettable powder 70 grams + 40% methyl isosalidophos EC 50 grams mixed with water 1.5-2 kg, evenly mix seeds 20-25 kg (seed amount of two mu), pile up for 3-4 hours, and sow seeds after absorption and drying.

For the prevention of root rot, sheath blight and smut, it can be used: (1) 6% tebuconazole suspension seed coating agent, pile up for 6 hours, dry sowing; (2) 2.5% Chlorophanil seed coating agent 100ml 100kg, stirring evenly for 3-5 hours; it can also be mixed with internal fungicides such as carbendazim or methyl topiramate.

For plots with serious total erosion disease of wheat, seeds can be mixed with erosion net 20--40ml per mu or 12.5% of total erosion net 200ml mixed with 5 kg of water, 100 kg of mixed wheat seeds, stacked for 4-8 hours, and sown dry. Note: when mixing seeds with pesticides and fungicides, you can first mix insecticides, pile them to dry, and then mix fungicides.

In the mixed areas of the above diseases and pests, choose the mixture of fungicides and insecticides to achieve the effect of multi-prevention, but we should pay attention to: mix insecticides first, plant them to dry and then mix fungicides; mix emulsion first and then mix powder until absorbed and dried. Generally speaking, the mixed seeds should not be kept for a long time, but should be used whenever they are mixed.