Cultivation and Management of Orchid

1. Orchid cultivation places: orchids can be cultivated indoors, balconies, courtyards, greenhouses or large-scale orchid farms.

2. Choose orchid pot: mud basin is the first choice for orchid cultivation, which is permeable and breathable, not easy to waterlogging, easy to manage, and not easy to rot.

3. Soil quality selection: orchids like loose rotten soil, and mountain forest soil, pond soil or peat soil is the best. Broken bricks, weathered granular materials and special granular soil can also be used.

4. Orchids change pots and split pots: generally speaking, it is most suitable to change and divide pots in spring and autumn. If the basin is changed and divided in high temperature in summer, it is easy to infect the root of the orchid and cause the orchid leaves to yellowing and lose seedlings. Bluegrass dormancy in winter, the temperature is too low to change, split the basin, bluegrass is not easy to grow new roots, but also make the buds to be infected in the second year. Check whether bluegrass has rotten roots and rotten leaves before potting, and trim it off if so. Before pruning, disinfect the scissors with alcohol, trim and disinfect, release the pesticide with a bucket, soak the roots of bluegrass for about 10 minutes, take out and dry and then put on the basin.

5. Light and ventilation: bluegrass can not grow without light like other plants, but it should not be illuminated by strong light. It can be covered by sunshade net in summer and autumn, and two layers of shading net can be used if the temperature is too high. Ventilation is the key to the success or failure of orchid cultivation, which requires that orchid cages need to be in the air before and after. Air convection should be given in indoor orchid days when there is no wind, fans can be used in summer, doors and windows should be regularly opened for ventilation in winter, but the temperature should be kept not lower than 0 ℃ to avoid frostbite of flower buds and buds.

6. Watering management: the ancients said that "dry orchid and wet chrysanthemum" emphasized that bluegrass should be dry, bluegrass could not be watered at a specified time, but when it was dry and when it was watered. Bluegrass is a fleshy root, and it is easy to rot when the water is big, and if it is too dry, it will wrinkle and dehydrate Langen and die. The supply of water needed by bluegrass is absorbed by the root and transported to the whole grass through vascular; second, the water in the air is inhaled from the stomata of the leaves, so that the water needed for metabolism can be supplied. When summer and autumn high temperature is dry, especially balcony raises orchid, should spray some water on the ground to let its volatilize, artificial space humidity, also need often fog spray foliar.

7. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests: orchid diseases and insect pests are mainly prevention.

(1) the main pests of orchids are shell insects, red spiders and mites. These pests mainly occur under the condition of high temperature, high humidity and lack of ventilation. Trichlorfon and other trichlorfon can be used to control insect pests, and 1% diluted solution can be sprayed once every 5 days, three times in a row, and once a month for prevention. The control of red spiders and mites mainly uses triclofenac, acaricide, enemy killing and so on, and the dilution ratio is according to the pesticide manual.

(2) the main bacterial diseases of orchids are black spot, brown spot, anthrax, leaf yellow disease and so on. Mainly use carbendazim, methyl thiophanate, chlorothalonil, anthrax and other fungicides, dilution ratio according to the instructions.

(3) viral diseases include stem rot, root rot and so on, and the main control drugs are potassium permanganate, copper sulfate, antivirus alum and so on. There is also an extinct viral disease called Bayas disease, which is characterized by irregular yellow-white stains on the surface of the leaves, translucent. The main drugs for the prevention and treatment of this disease are penicillin, Radix Isatidis and so on. If plants are found to be infected with the disease, they should be isolated or burned as soon as possible.

8. Fertilization management: the root fertilization of bluegrass is generally applied as little as possible, organic fertilizer can use a small amount of bean cake, stinky fish water, yogurt, and inorganic fertilizer can use a small amount of compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc., generally 3 to 4 times a month. Orchid foliar fertilization, mainly Gaole (high potassium type), Gaochengling, Yemanbao, Aiduoshou, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc., usually twice a month, diluted according to the product instructions.

9. The technology of promoting flower proliferation of orchids: the standard of orchid cultivation is that the orchid leaves grow black, strong, green and bright, the second is to increase the number of seedlings, and the third is to blossom well.

(1) to make the orchid leaves black, strong, green and bright, the key lies in proper dry and wet water, often spraying foliar fertilizer and preventing diseases and insect pests.

(2) in order to make the orchids produce more new seedlings, the key is to change and divide the pots frequently. If a pot of 5 to 6 seedlings of bluegrass normally sends out 2 to 3 seedlings every year, if it is divided into three pots and twisted into 180 degrees between the bulbs of bluegrass in the three pots, the lotus roots can be cut off and 6 to 9 seedlings can be issued. If each ball of the whole pot of bluegrass is twisted evenly to about 180 degrees without dividing the basin, its germination rate will also increase.

(3) flowering and appreciation is the greatest spiritual enjoyment of orchids. Let the orchid blossom in time and on time, and give sufficient sunshine, suitable temperature and humidity in the process of its growth. The water should be acidic, especially when the water is neutral and alkaline in Shandong area, it can be improved by ferrous sulfate and oxalic acid. Fertilizer to use partial potassium, use more plant regulators, on the basin as far as possible to make the bulb exposed to the soil surface, to control the moisture is mainly dry.