Control of Water in Orchid cultivation

Orchids are native to the mountains and forests, and most of them grow in places with more stone chips and humus from northwest to southeast. Coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest provides shade conditions for it, the ventilation is neither strong nor weak, and there is often air flow with certain humidity. Stone chips and humus are well drained, not easy to accumulate water, and can maintain a certain degree of humidity and nutrients. Therefore, orchids are not dry or wet plants, but dry neutral plants. Orchid root, orchid stem can store a lot of water, and orchid leaf cutin can reduce water evaporation, so orchids do not need too much water.

The suitable relative humidity of orchid is about 80%, and the humidity of potted soil is about 50%. If the basin soil is too dry, the root is withered, and if the basin soil is too wet, the root is rotten. The experience of orchid cultivation summarized by predecessors is "orchid Xi run but afraid of wet, like dry and afraid of dryness". Therefore, orchid cultivation should be adapted to local conditions and should not be copied blindly, but should be grasped and used flexibly according to different seasons, environments, varieties, growth stages, as well as different pots and soils.

Different seasons

The seasonal change causes the temperature change, the temperature change, the orchid water demand also changes. At the same time, due to the change of air temperature, the evaporation rate of water also changes. Therefore, the number and amount of watering orchids are bound to change.

First, watering varies with time, and the amount of watering is determined according to the rate of absorption and evaporation of the plant. The summer temperature is high, the orchid grows vigorously, needs a lot of water. At the same time, water evaporates quickly, watering in the morning and evening, and spraying to increase air humidity. Spring is the best growing period for orchids. Water demand is large, but evaporation is slow. Watering water can be gradually increased according to early spring, mid-spring and late spring. The amount of water can be reduced according to the Beginning of Autumn, Mid-Autumn Festival and late Autumn in autumn. However, during the drying period in autumn, water evaporates quickly, so it is necessary to irrigate more water in an appropriate amount. Low temperature in winter, slow evaporation, orchids need less water, it is necessary to reduce watering. Reducing the water content of orchids in winter can also increase the concentration of cell sap and increase its cold resistance.

Second, the watering time varies with different temperatures. In summer, the daytime temperature is more than 30 ℃ and the night temperature is about 25 ℃. Watering should be carried out when the air temperature is the lowest. In spring and autumn, the daytime temperature is about 20 ℃, and the night temperature is about 10 ℃. Watering is better in the morning. In winter, the daytime temperature is about 15 ℃ and the night temperature is about 5 ℃. It can be watered at noon. To put it simply, it is cool in summer and warm in winter, and do it: enough in spring, enough in summer, not dry in autumn, not wet in winter. Also pay attention to more watering in sunny days, less watering in cloudy days and no watering in rainy days.

Different environment

In the process of orchid cultivation, the relationship between air humidity and watering is very close. Because, in the artificial cultivation of orchids, there are few places with the same environment and conditions as the original place. The ventilation is good, the air humidity is low, the water evaporation in the orchid leaf surface and the basin is fast, should increase the watering quantity; if the ventilation condition, watering too much will cause the humidity to be too high, then can reduce the watering water appropriately; if the air temperature is high, the orchid grows in the muggy environment, the watering water quantity will make it sick, appear the leaf tip scorched black and the leaf surface black spot; the humidity is high in the rainy day, if the ventilation condition is good, although the basin is dry, it may not be watered Outdoor cultivation, can let it accept rain to save watering, but under the hot sun suddenly shower, let it rain, easy to make hot gas accumulation; early spring and late autumn cold rain can not be drenched.

Different plants

Different orchid varieties need different moisture. The suitable temperature is 18 ℃ to 24 ℃ for Cymbidium, Cymbidium and Cymbidium, and 25 ℃ to 28 ℃ for Cymbidium and Cymbidium. Therefore, Cymbidium, Cymbidium and Cymbidium should be watered less, while Cymbidium and Jianlan should be watered more.

The plants of orchids can be divided into size, strength and weakness, and orchids with different growth require different moisture. Just transplanted orchids, due to turning pots and ramets, orchid plants will have some wounds, watering should not be too frequent. The ability of young seedlings, weak plants and old seedlings to endure environmental changes is poor, and the range of dry and wet changes should be small, so they can be properly moisturized. During the period from the beginning of the growth of new buds to maturity, the amount of water should be gradually increased, and then gradually decreased with the maturity of new seedlings. Increasing the amount of water at the beginning depends on the growth rate of new buds, and when the new seedlings grow up, the purpose of reducing the amount of water is to promote the growth and maturity of pseudocorms. When new buds grow (vegetative growth), there should be sufficient water, while when flower buds are formed, the supply of water should be relatively reduced, and plants with existing buds should not be too dry and too wet. After flowering, it is also necessary to slightly reduce the amount of water and keep the basin relatively dry in order to recuperate the orchids.

Different basins and soils

Pots and soil are the rooms of orchid plants, as the saying goes, "raise orchids and grow roots first". Commonly used pots are tile basin, purple sand basin, plastic basin and so on. Relatively speaking, the tile basin dries the fastest, the plastic basin with holes is the second, and the purple sand basin dries the slowest. Orchids in earthen pots should be watered thoroughly every time. Orchids in purple sand pots and plastic pots are watered and sprayed every other day.

Soil is the plant material of orchids and plays a key role in the growth of orchids. In general, orchid plants are required to be loose, breathable and filtered, but they should be mastered in different places. The ventilation and water permeability of mountain mud in Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas is poor, and watering should not be too frequent; Emei fairy soil has good air permeability and is not easy to accumulate water, so it can be watered more; Yunnan humus soil has good air permeability and is easy to dry, so it should be watered in time.