Postharvest Management of Castanea mollissima trees growing Chestnut

Chestnut trees begin flower bud differentiation before fruit picking, and there is a great lack of nutrition after fruit picking. Whether the management of autumn and winter can be strengthened in time is related to the quality of flower bud differentiation and has a great impact on the yield in the coming year.

First, apply fertilizer reasonably and give enough to "eat". Generally, every 100 kilograms of Chinese chestnut needs to consume 4.5 kilograms of pure nitrogen, 4.5 kilograms of potassium and 2 kilograms of phosphorus. After fruit picking, the vitality of the tree is seriously damaged, so fertilizer should be applied in time to quickly restore the tree potential, increase the accumulation of nutrients and improve the cold resistance of chestnut trees in winter. The fertilizer applied should be mainly organic fertilizer. In general, for 8-10-year-old trees, the amount of fertilizer applied in each furrow is 50 li 60 kg, urea 0.5 kg and phosphate fertilizer 1 kg. The amount of fertilizer applied to trees more than 10 years old increases or decreases according to the amount of fruit.

Second, irrigate water to fight drought and give enough "drink". The root system of chestnut tree is widely distributed horizontally and weakly in vertical distribution. After fruit harvest, there is a great loss of water in the tree body, and the general drought in autumn and winter is relatively serious, which is easy to make the chestnut tree suffer from drought. therefore, the chestnut orchard with conditions after fruit harvest should be irrigated in time to replenish the tree water, and then timely irrigation is needed in case of drought.

Third, cultivate the earth to choke, and give enough "wear". Trunk cultivation can ensure the growth of tree roots and enhance its cold resistance. In the middle and last ten days of November, each tree should be based on its size, and 4 piculs of rotten farm manure should be used to lay it under the crown, and then cover it with a layer of fine soil. Dig again when the temperature rises in the next spring, in order to aerate and grow roots, but also can reduce weeds.

Fourth, prevent and cure pests and diseases and carry out "health care". Clear the garden in time after fruit picking, cut off dead branches and serious branches of diseases and insects, remove branches and leaves of diseases and insects that fall off on the ground, and concentrate on burning or burying them. In autumn, the main pests harmful to chestnut trees should be controlled in time. The corresponding pesticides can choose double Bordeaux solution, 40% omethoate emulsion 1500ml 2000 times, 2.5% dimethoate EC 8000 times, and so on.

Fifth, reasonable pruning, surgery "cosmetology". In autumn, the chestnut sap is still flowing and the temperature is high. Pruning at this time can not only heal the wound quickly, but also avoid the sprouting of branches near the wound. For chestnut trees in the early fruiting stage, only dense branches and unsuitable overgrown branches were thinned and cut, while those in peak fruiting period were mainly thinned and deleted, combined with expansion and contraction, to maintain tree shape and coordinate the relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth. Senescent trees should be retracted in a planned way, renewed and rejuvenated to prolong their fruiting life.