Management of apricot after fruit picking

Apricot fruit ripens early, and there is still a long time from harvest to dormancy. This period is an important stage for apricot trees to restore their potential and accumulate nutrients. Scientific management during this period can reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, promote the rational growth of trees, promote the further differentiation of flower buds, improve the quantity and quality of flower buds, and lay the foundation for high yield in the coming year. The specific management measures after apricot harvest are summarized as follows:

1. Shaping and pruning

1. After the apricot is harvested, the tree is still growing, so it is necessary to control the vegetative growth, ease the tree potential, and improve the light conditions inside the tree. Open the corners of the strong branches to ease the tree potential and promote the formation of flowers; the second coring of the new shoots was carried out to promote the branches and cultivate the branch group. The fruiting branches that are significantly weakening and sagging after fruiting should be retracted properly. For the overgrown branches sprouting in the crown, measures such as coring and twisting should be taken to control their vegetative growth, and those with no room for growth should be removed in time. At the same time, the dry and withered branches, split branches, disease and insect branches, cross branches, overlapping branches and weak branches in the crown should be cut off to reduce the nutrient consumption of the tree, improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the tree, and facilitate the formation of high-quality flower buds.

two。 For over-growing apricot orchards, paclobutrazol (PP333) or PBO can be sprayed to control the tree potential to facilitate the formation of flower buds.

II. Soil, fertilizer and water management

1. Apricot fruit harvest should be combined with weeding, the whole garden for a ploughing loosening soil, generally ploughing depth of about 10 cm. Before defoliation, combined with basic fertilizer deep ploughing, the suitable depth is 30cm to 40cm.

two。 Fertilization should be applied as early as possible after apricot fruit harvest, especially for trees with weak tree potential and more fruit in the same year, in order to make up for the nutrient consumption in the tree body. Apricot trees were fertilized with quick-acting fertilizer immediately after fruit picking. 0.5 kg urea was applied to each adult apricot tree, and then watered. Combined with spraying fertilizer, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.2% urea were sprayed to increase the nutrient accumulation of the tree and improve the quantity and quality of flower buds. From late August to early October, base fertilizer was applied, mainly high-quality farm fertilizer, mixed with a small amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Generally, at the beginning of 5 ~ 6 years, farm manure and calcium superphosphate were applied 3050 kg and 0.3 kg per tree, and 70kg 100 kg and 0.5 kg superphosphate were applied to each tree at full fruiting stage, and watered immediately after application.

3. The first water should be irrigated in time after apricot fruit harvest, so that the soil moisture is most beneficial to the growth and development of apricot trees. This watering can ensure the normal differentiation of flower buds and the growth, aging and ripening of branches. If it is rainy this period, do not water it. At the same time, attention should be paid to waterlogging to prevent apricot trees from being susceptible to disease and affecting the growth and development of apricot trees. Pour frozen water and pour water once before freezing where possible to ensure that apricot trees survive the winter safely.

III. Pest control

Apricot trees are often harmed by diseases and insect pests after fruit harvesting. Timely spraying should be done according to the actual situation in order to protect leaves and increase tree nutrition accumulation. It can be sprayed with 2500 times of isocarbophos to control aphids, 1500 times of isocarbophos, 1500 times of 2000 times of diclofenac EC or 1000 times of diclofenac EC to control red spiders. Spray 2000-3000 times of permethrin for 3 times to control Dendrolimus punctatus and Dendrolimus punctatus. From August to October, Dasheng MMI 45, methyl thiophanate and carbendazim were sprayed every 15 days to control apricot disease, bacterial perforation and so on.