Management of apricot trees in autumn

Autumn is the nutrient storage period of apricot. The key of apricot management in autumn is to maintain the assimilation function of leaves, prevent early defoliation, improve the cold resistance of apricot, promote root growth and accelerate flower bud differentiation.

I. soil, fertilizer and water management

Base fertilizer is applied in autumn. Before and after the Autumn Equinox, tree fertilization was carried out before and after production, that is, the amount of fertilizer was determined according to tree age, tree potential, fruit number, soil condition, etc., but generally 1 kg fruit was fertilized 1 kg to 2 kg, mainly mature organic fertilizer, and the fertilization depth was generally 40 cm to 60 cm. Semi-circular ditch or radial ditch was used to alternately open ditches to fertilize around the crown.

Spray fertilizer on the leaves. For apricot trees that grow weakly or enter the full fruit stage, 0.2-0.4% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed once a month after fruit harvest.

Irrigation and drainage. Autumn is the late stage of vegetative growth. Reasonable irrigation is beneficial to the production and accumulation of nutrition and the formation of flower buds. At the same time, attention should be paid to drainage to prevent apricot trees from being infected by waterlogging.

Deep ploughing and expansion of tree plates. Autumn ploughing is from August to November, and the soil is carried out before freezing, with a depth of about 20 cm. Deep turning can be carried out on a single plant, digging a circular trench on the vertical ground at the edge of the crown, or digging a trench between rows with a depth of about 60 cm. Do not cut off the thick roots of the expanded tree plate, and pile the topsoil and subsoil separately. When backfilling, the topsoil is mixed with rotten leaves, weeds, withered stalks or other farm manure and put into the lower half of the ditch, and the original subsoil is placed in the upper half of the ditch, which can expand the tree disk according to the extension of apricot roots.

II. Shaping and pruning

After the apricot is harvested, pull the branches and open the corners to ease the tree potential and promote the formation of flowers; two coring of the new shoots are carried out to promote the branches and cultivate the branch group; the fruiting branches that are significantly weak and drooping after fruiting should be retracted properly; measures such as coring and twisting should be taken to control the vegetative growth of the overgrown branches sprouting in the crown, and the ungrown branches with no room for growth should be removed in time. For over-growing apricot orchards, paclobutrazol or PBO can be sprayed to control the tree potential to facilitate the formation of flower buds.

III. Pest control

Apricot trees are often harmed by diseases and insect pests after fruit harvesting. Timely spraying should be done according to the actual situation in order to protect leaves and increase tree nutrition accumulation. It can be sprayed to control aphids with 100-fold solution, and the red spider can be sprayed with 40% diclofenac EC 1500-2000 times or 1000 times. Spraying 800-1000 times of permethrin and trimethoprim to control Dendrolimus punctatus and Caterpillar navicular.