Using EM original dew to control early defoliation of apricot trees

Editor's note: Zhou Jinlong, Dongniuzhuang Village, Guangzong County, called to reflect that he introduced the "early lotus" apricot variety from Julu County four years ago, and the phenomenon of falling leaves during the growing period began to appear last year, and this year is even more serious, basically unable to sit still fruit. Ask if there is a good way to prevent the early defoliation of apricot trees. The following article by Zheng Yi may be helpful to Zhou Jinlong and fruit farmers who encounter similar problems.

Hengshui City has an area of 23000 mu of apricot trees, the main varieties are camel yellow, Chinese white apricot, golden sun, string red, etc., fruit sales income plays an important role in the city's rural economy. However, after the fruit was harvested every year, the leaves began to fall off, and the leaves of the trees with large load and weak potential had almost finished in late July, and the early defoliation of Chinese white apricot was serious in the varieties. From 2002 to 2004, the author used EM (compound microbial preparation produced by Jiangxi Nanchang Tianyi Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd.) to control early defoliation of apricot trees. The rate of deciduous plants in the garden decreased from 74.4% in 2002 to 11.5% in 2004. The leaf preservation rate increased from 34.2% in 2002 to 86.6% in 2004. The test site is located in 20 mu apricot orchard in Zhouyan Village, Dengzhuang Township, Taocheng District, which belongs to plain land, heavy loam, sticky soil, deep soil layer and watering condition. The varieties are Chinese white apricot, golden sun, camel yellow, string red and so on. Except the golden sun apricot is a 4-year-old tree, other varieties are 10-year-old trees. The specific measures are as follows:

1. EM raw dew was used to make fermented compost and applied to the soil as base fertilizer. Composting is made half a month in advance before the beginning of winter. Organic fertilizer (rotten chicken manure, pig manure and other livestock manure), EM raw dew and brown sugar are prepared in the proportion of 500: 1000 ∶ 1 ∶ 1, and the amount of water is 30% to 35% of the total amount of organic fertilizer (depending on the dry and wet increase or decrease of organic fertilizer). When preparing, first melt brown sugar, pour it into water, then add EM original dew, then mix well with organic fertilizer, stack and compact, seal with plastic film, and anaerobic fermentation. After about half a month to send out the flavor of wine koji or the appearance of white and red mycelium, indicating that the fermentation is successful and can be used. You can also dig a big pit on the ground, spray the bottom and the four walls of the pit with 500 to 1000 times EM dilution, then spray the diluent 500 times EM for each layer of organic fertilizer (20 cm thick) until the pit is filled, and then cover it with soil and step on it. After two weeks of fermentation, it can be used when it has the smell of wine koji or appears in the color and red mycelium. In fermentation, if the temperature is above 50 ℃, it should be turned, and then sealed after cooling, so as not to destroy the effective substance.

2. Foliar spraying. Starting from fruit harvest, spray 1000 times EM solution every 10 to 15 days, use it 3 times 4 times a year, or alternate with 0.3% 0.4% urea + 0.3% 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution.

Note: whether EM is used as base fertilizer or foliar spraying fertilizer in that year, the effect is not obvious, and you need to wait until the next year or the third year to see the obvious effect; foliar spraying in summer before 10:00 or after 5 pm is the best, do not use in the high temperature period at noon.