Experience of cutting root and promoting root in planting sugar orange

The treatment of cutting roots and promoting roots by stages can promote the expansion and rooting of roots, improve the ecological environment of roots, restore the tree potential, expand the crown, increase the number of effective branches and total leaves, so as to increase citrus yield and improve quality. it is a technical measure to maintain high quality, high yield and stable yield of citrus.

Experience of cutting root and promoting root in planting sugar orange

From the middle of July to the first and middle of August, a trench is dug on both sides of the canopy with the waterline of the crown as the boundary. The ditch is 80cm 100cm long and 25cm 40cm deep. The width of the ditch is based on the ability to cut off the root system. 20 kg of green manure or slag fertilizer, 0.3 kg of urea, 0.8 kg of calcium superphosphate and 30 kg of human and animal manure were applied to each plant in the ditch, and the water was applied into the ditch. The diameter of the broken root is less than 2 cm, while the thicker root cuts the wound with a knife and applies burning soil to the wound.

From the middle of July to the middle of August, the external conditions are more suitable for root growth and development, the root system is in the peak period of growth, the wound heals quickly, and a batch of new roots will be sent out soon. In the second year, dig the root trench on the opposite side of the crown in the same way. The practice shows that the technique of cutting root and promoting root is an effective measure to ensure the high quality, high yield and stable yield of sugar orange.

Growth habits of Sugar Citrus

The growth and development, flowering and fruiting of citrus trees are closely related to the environmental conditions such as temperature, sunshine, moisture (humidity), soil, wind, altitude, topography and slope direction, which affect the temperature of the most. Even if the air temperature difference of 0.5 ℃ sometimes has different results, high temperature is not conducive to the growth and development of citrus, and the fruit and root system stop growing when the air temperature and soil temperature are higher than 37 ℃.

Citrus is a shade-tolerant tree species, but good sunshine is still needed for high quality and high yield. generally, areas with sunshine hours of 1200 to 2200 hours a year can grow normally. Citrus can adapt to a wide range of soil, purple soil, red-yellow soil, beach and coastal land, the pH value of 4.5-8 can grow, and the pH value of 5.5-6.5 is the most suitable.

Fertilizer and Water Management of Sugar Orange

1. The principle of fertilization: the needs of various nutrient elements of blood orange should be fully met, and the application of more organic fertilizer, rational application of inorganic fertilizer and formula fertilizer should be advocated. Fertilization was guided according to the results of leaf analysis, orchard soil analysis and blood orange phenology.

2. Fertilization methods: soil fertilization is the main method, combined with foliar fertilization. The methods of ring ditch application, furrow application, hole application and soil surface fertilizer application were adopted.

3. Fertilization for young trees: frequent application of thin fertilizer, mainly nitrogen fertilizer, combined application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, fertilization for 5 times in spring, summer and autumn, and 0.4 jin of ammonium bicarbonate or 0.2 jin of urea per plant in March, May, June, July, September and December. For 1 ~ 3 years, the annual application of pure nitrogen per tree is 100g / 400g, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1.0: (0.4: 0.5): 1.0.

4. Fertilization for adult trees: adult trees apply four times of fertilizer, that is, sprouting fertilizer, fruit protection fertilizer, strong fruit fertilizer and fruit picking fertilizer. The amount of fertilizer generally sprouting fertilizer 2 to 3 jin of chemical fertilizer, a load of dung water. Fruit protection fertilizer 1 jin 2 jin phosphorus and potash fertilizer + 1 jin chemical fertilizer. Strong fruit fertilizer 1 kg 2 jin chemical fertilizer + 1 jin 2 jin phosphorus and potash fertilizer. The fruit-picking fertilizer (base fertilizer) is mainly organic fertilizer, with 50 kg 100 jin organic fertilizer plus 1 kg 2 jin chemical fertilizer.

5. Water management: irrigation when the soil is dry and drainage when stagnant water.

Shaping and pruning of Sugar Orange

1. The principle of plastic surgery: according to local conditions, tree pruning, proper promotion and suppression, ventilation and light transmission, three-dimensional results. The dry height is 20-40 cm, the main branches (3-4 branches) are scattered on the trunk, the angle of the main branches is 30-50 °, and there are 2-3 secondary branches on each main branch. Generally speaking, after the formation of the third main branch, the central trunk of the class is cut off and twisted to one side as the fruiting branch group.

2. Pruning young trees: light pruning is the main. After the elongated branches in the center of the class and the main branches and secondary branches were selected, the elongated branches were cut moderately or severely, and the growth balance among the main branches was adjusted by the degree of truncation and the direction of cutting buds. Except for the proper thinning and deletion of over-dense branches, the inner bore branches and the weaker branches in the middle and lower part of the crown should generally be retained.

3. Early fruiting period: continue to select short-cut treatment of all levels of backbone extension branches, erase summer shoots and promote strong autumn shoots. Measures such as ring cutting, root cutting and water control are adopted to promote flowers for prosperous trees in autumn.

4. Trees in full fruiting stage: timely retraction of fruiting branch group, falling flower fruiting branch group and decaying branch group, cutting off light-blocking branches, withered branches, disease and insect branches.

Sugar orange is one of the most common fruits we usually eat. Sugar orange tastes sour and sweet and tastes especially good. Therefore, the cultivation of sugar orange is also very common in our country, but in order to get high-yield sugar orange, in addition to mastering its growth habits, it is also very important to master certain culture techniques.