Misunderstanding in the Application of Fruit Fertilizer for planting Sugar Orange trees

The application of strong fruit fertilizer from July to September is not only one of the key links of high quality and stable production of citrus, but also an effective measure to prevent the annual fruit phenomenon of citrus. However, in production, there are many misunderstandings in the application of strong fruit fertilizer to citrus, which is counterproductive and affects the yield and fruit quality. Based on years of experience and lessons, the editor summed up the following misunderstandings.

Partial application and excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer

The application of urea is more common in production. According to the survey, in recent years, orange orchards with single application of urea for strong fruit fertilizer account for about 40%, and random application often results in excessive dosage. For example, it is not uncommon for plants to apply more than 500 grams of urea. Partial and excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer resulted in thickening and thickening of the pericarp, resulting in the formation of poor-quality coarse fruits; delayed coloring, the emergence of a large number of green fruits; poor flavor and decreased juice rate, especially the taste was sour and unpalatable. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can obviously promote the acid reduction and sugar increase of fruit, and promote the expansion of citrus fruit. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, control nitrogen fertilizer, and supplement medium or trace elements when needed to achieve balanced fertilization. The 6-10-year-old fruiting trees applied 200ml 300g N, P and K compound fertilizer in July, 2kg cake fertilizer and 100g urea in September, 300ml 400g N, P K compound fertilizer in July, 4kg cake fertilizer and 200g urea in September. Orange orchards in red loam should also pay attention to the application of calcium fertilizer, which is about 150 kg per mu, which can increase production by more than 10%.

The farm manure applied is not fully mature.

After these unripe pig and cow manure, cake fertilizer, chicken manure and other farm manure are applied, a large amount of heat will be released in the process of fermentation, resulting in rotting roots, dead roots, and even dead trees. At the same time, uncooked pig and cow manure contains a large number of parasite eggs, resulting in environmental pollution. In addition, excessive application of immature farm manure will also cause the phenomenon of microbial nitrogen capture. Therefore, pig and cow manure, chicken manure and other manure should be completely ripened after composting and fermentation before being applied to the orange orchard; cake fertilizer can be soaked in water for 10 days or mixed with human feces and urine before it is fully ripe.

Improper location of fertilization

Some orange farmers apply fertilizer under the "tree tree", actually in the position of the tree plate. The root under the tree plate is mainly the backbone root, and its main function is not to absorb fertilizer, but to fix and support the plant. The fine root is the main organ to absorb fertilizer, and the crown drip line is the most distributed. Therefore, the fertilizer applied on the tree plate can not be well absorbed and utilized, and the roots are easy to be hurt when digging holes, especially the chemical fertilizer applied is easy to burn roots, causing lateral roots to burn, rot and even die. Therefore, in order to determine the fertilization location according to the size of the crown, the fertilizer should be applied at the outer edge of the crown dripping line or a little farther or deeper from the outer edge, and the fertilization method of digging ring ditch or hole should be adopted. This is not only conducive to fertilizer absorption and utilization, will not cause fertilizer damage, but also can induce the root system to develop in depth.

Fertilization is not combined with drought resistance

Drought often occurs from July to September, if only fertilization, not combined with drought resistance, fertilizer can not be well absorbed and utilized, but also easy to cause fertilizer damage and nitrogen volatilization in chemical fertilizer. In view of the fact that fertilizers can be decomposed, flowed, transported and absorbed only under moist soil conditions, fertilization should be combined with drought resistance under drought conditions: ditching irrigation is adopted after fertilization in flat orange orchards to resist drought; mountain orange orchards dig 12 holes at the outer edge of the crown dripping line, with a width of 30 cm, and apply quick-acting fertilizer solution and drought-resistant fertilization at the same time.

Improper time and location of foliar fertilization

Many orange farmers do not choose the appropriate fertilization time, often spray foliar fertilizer after 10:00 in the morning and before 4 o'clock in the afternoon, and only spray the front of the leaves, not the back of the leaves. Because of the high temperature from July to August, the water in the fertilizer solution is evaporated quickly, which is easy to cause fertilizer damage, and the mineral elements can not be absorbed by the leaves after the fertilizer solution dries up. In view of this, choose cloudy or sunny days before 10 o'clock in the morning and after 4 o'clock in the afternoon. Because the back of the leaf has many stomata, the ability of absorbing fertilizer is stronger than that of the leaf surface, so it is necessary to spray the back of the leaf surface to the degree of non-dripping water.

Only by reasonably mastering the fertilization skills of sugar orange can we effectively increase the yield, otherwise it will be counterproductive. Sugar orange fertilization time and fertilization places are fastidious, and different circumstances need to apply fertilizer is not the same, so in the fertilization process, the more the better.