The problem of planting muskmelon

(1)Preparation of planting sites

The previous crop was plowed immediately after harvest. Because cantaloupes require loose and deep tillage layers, the ploughing depth should be 25~30 cm, not shallower than 20 cm. Deep ploughing can thicken the loose soil layer, increase the soil gap, activate the soil, help the root system of muskmelon to extend downward, expand the scope of absorbing water and nutrients, reduce the harm of diseases and insect pests, thus laying the foundation for increasing yield of muskmelon.

(2)base fertilizer application

Cantaloupe life growth period is short, so less topdressing, general application of sufficient base fertilizer can meet the needs of growth, fertilization to base fertilizer based. Base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer is the most important fertilizer for cultivation of foreign muskmelon, commonly used organic fertilizer has manure, compost, grass manure, soil miscellaneous fertilizer and other coarse fertilizer, as well as dried human manure, cake fertilizer, fish fertilizer, chicken manure and other fine fertilizer. Cattle manure in the north to cattle, horses, pigs, sheep manure for more than the south to pig manure based. Cantaloupe with sheep dung tastes sweet and high quality. If chicken manure and other poultry manure are applied, the sweetness of cantaloupe will be higher, because the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents in poultry manure are high, especially the phosphorus and potassium contents are rich. In the base fertilizer can also be mixed with some phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, base fertilizer quantity is insufficient can also be applied some nitrogen fertilizer. Generally, 5000~8000 kg of high-quality farm manure such as manure, 40~50 kg of calcium superphosphate and 20 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per 667 square meters. 2/3 base fertilizer is used for sowing, which can be applied in combination with deep ploughing, 1/3 furrow application, and furrow cultivation.

Muskmelon is cultivated with high ridge or high ridge. The planting ridge width of double row cultivation is 80~100 cm, the groove width is 50 cm, and the ridge height is about 20 cm. The planting ridge width of single row cultivation is about 40 cm, and the groove width is about 60 cm.

The muskmelon field was cultivated by plastic film mulching. The effect of temperature increase and heat preservation of plastic film mulching was very significant, which could make muskmelon mature earlier, preserve moisture obviously, and reduce irrigation times. In addition, covering plastic film in protective facilities can reduce air humidity and reduce the occurrence of diseases. The film mulching method is adopted, and there are two kinds of film mulching time sequence: one is to film first, then sow and plant, that is, after 3~5 days of film mulching, the film is broken and planted when the ground temperature increases. The other is to re-cover after colonization. Both have advantages and disadvantages, depending on the labor situation as appropriate. No matter which method, it is required to lay high-quality plastic film. The ridge surface of the film laying shall be fine and flat without soil, stones and grass roots. The film surface shall be close to the ridge surface, the film edge shall be compacted and compacted, and the film surface shall be kept clean and transparent.

It is best to choose a sunny morning for planting. Dig the planting hole first, and the hole depth is slightly deeper than the nutrition bowl. In the process of seedling raising and seedling transportation, attention should be paid to handle it gently to prevent scattering.

(3)Planting density and planting method

Cultivation methods can be divided into vertical cultivation and climbing cultivation, climbing cultivation management is convenient, do not need to consider the direction of planting rows and light, early can adopt multiple mulch, conducive to heat preservation, early growth and fruit, but can not make full use of space; vertical cultivation can improve planting density, make full use of space, improve yield. In the large greenhouse, greenhouse are used in vertical cultivation, climbing cultivation in the small arch shed cultivation. Planting density varies with variety, growth potential, planting method and pruning method. Usually weak growth of early varieties can be dense, strong growth of large fruit-shaped varieties should be sparse; climbing cultivation sparse, more dense stent cultivation; single vine pruning dense, double vine pruning sparse. Generally, 700~800 plants are planted per 667 square meters in climbing cultivation, 2000~2200 plants per 667 square meters in single vine stand cultivation, and 1200~1500 plants per 667 square meters in double vine stand cultivation.