Preparation and planting of muskmelon cultivated in greenhouse

The suitable planting time of ① plays an important role in early ripening and improving economic benefit of muskmelon. The planting period is closely related to the ground temperature in the greenhouse, so the planting period is different in different places, in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, in late March in North China, and in the first and middle of April in cold areas such as northwest and northeast China. The temperature is lower when the greenhouse is planted, so the earlier the plastic shed is, the better, the higher the ground temperature is, the shorter the slow seedling time is, and the greenhouse can be fastened 60 days before planting.

② muskmelon is a fertilizer-loving crop. Before harvest, it is turned 20 cm deep in the shed, and base fertilizer is applied again. The base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer such as pig, cow, sheep and chicken manure. Generally, every 667m2 soil fertilizer is 3000-5000 kg, chicken manure and other organic fertilizer is 2500-3000 kg, diammonium phosphate 100kg, potassium sulfate 50kg. First sprinkle the soil with 2 canopy 3, then flatten it, make a turtle back-shaped high bed with a height of 20 cm and a width of 70 cm according to the distance of 1 meter ridge, and apply the remaining 1 base fertilizer at the bottom of the ridge. Pour the bottom water once, dry it and cover it with plastic film. Usually, plastic film can only be covered on the high border of the greenhouse, but sometimes a small shed is also added in the short term after planting to facilitate heat preservation, promote slow seedlings and promote the rapid growth of seedlings. In order to make full use of the light, the north-south direction of the greenhouse is in the direction of the shed, and the east-west direction of the greenhouse is across the shed.

One row per row was planted in ③ greenhouse, and the plant spacing was 33 cm for single vine pruning and 40 cm to 45 cm for double vine pruning. Before planting seedlings, break the membrane and punch holes in the middle of the high ridge according to the plant distance, fill the holes with enough water, and then put in the seedlings to carry soil as far as possible to protect the roots from damage. after the water seeps, the holes are filled with soil, and the surface layer is best covered with a layer of fine soil to moisturize and prevent hardening. After planting, the bowl noodles are the same as the ground, not too low (low ground temperature affects root development) or too high (root soil is easy to dry). After planting, the soil on the plastic film should be cleaned in order to give full play to its light transmission and warming effect. It is best to choose a sunny morning with a cold tail and a warm head, such as covering the shed on the same day.

After transplanting, ④ melon seedlings need to go through 3-5 days slow seedling stage to return to normal growth, sometimes there is no obvious slow seedling stage. If melon seedlings are in a state of stagnant growth for a long time after planting, rigid seedlings are formed. The reasons for the emergence of rigid seedlings are as follows: melon seedlings are transplanted too early, the air temperature is low, and the soil temperature is lower than 15 ℃ for a long time, which is easy to produce retting roots, which should be heated timely; the soil moisture of melon seedlings is not suitable, too much or too little water is disadvantageous to slow seedling and growth, and corresponding measures should be taken according to the specific situation. If the stain, then more ploughing, drainage waterproof; if drought, a small number of times watering; melon seedlings are sick, the quality of soil preparation is not good, the planting operation is relatively rough, causing melon seedlings to get sick.