Shaping, pruning and management of pear trees in summer

The shaping and pruning of pear trees is not only an important measure in cultivation management, but also a very meticulous work. According to the growth and fruiting habits, growth and development rules, site conditions and other characteristics of cultivation and management of pear trees, pruning is to continue to cultivate and maintain the structure of high-yield trees and adjust the balance between growth and fruiting on the basis of shaping, so as to maintain the high quality and high yield of pear trees year after year. Shaping and pruning must be coordinated with the integrated management of soil, fertilizer and water and the integrated prevention and control of diseases and insect pests in order to give full play to its role in increasing production.

Shaping and pruning are indispensable technical measures in pear cultivation and management, and they can not be replaced by other technical measures, but they are by no means omnipotent or unique, and must be treated correctly and used carefully. If one-sidedly emphasizes the role of pruning while neglecting other technical measures, or opposing pruning with other technical measures, overemphasizing tree shape and pruning for pruning, or not attaching importance to pruning, can not give full play to the role of shaping and pruning, and obtain early fruit, high quality, high yield and high benefits, on the contrary, it will lead to adverse consequences such as late fruiting of young trees, low yield, poor quality and short economic life.

Branch pulling: it is very important for pears with more upright growth habits, generally around July by pulling, supporting and hanging branches to increase the branch angle and adjust to the angle needed to cultivate the shape of the tree. The branch pulling of the main side branch must be done in time, and it is not allowed to delay the season, otherwise the workload of adjusting the tree shape in the future is too large, and the tree shape can not be standardized.

⑹ circular cutting (peeling): it is generally carried out on main branches, lateral branches and overgrown branches. 2-3 rounds of circular cutting should be done in a spiral way. When girdling, we should strictly control the peeling width without harming the xylem, the width should be less than 10% of the branch diameter, and the widest width should not exceed 1.0cm. From May to July, too late is not conducive to wound healing. After peeling, it can be bandaged with plastic film to facilitate healing.

In the process of pruning pear trees, no matter which pruning method is adopted, it is necessary to pay attention to its comprehensive response in order to achieve the desired goal. Before pruning a pear tree, observe the age and growth of the tree, as well as the amount of flowers, and so on, in order to decide which pruning method should be taken. In general, the amount of pruning should be lighter for young and prosperous trees and trees with a small number of flower buds, while for adult trees and weak trees, especially those with more flowers, the amount of pruning should be heavier.

Pear scab, scab, ring disease, pear net bug, pear leaf gall mite and miscellaneous wood lice are the main diseases and insect pests that cause early defoliation. in addition, one-time picking is also one of the reasons for early defoliation. Early defoliation is the main reason for the second flowering of pear. In order to prevent secondary flowering, attention should be paid to picking fruits in batches, fertilizing in time after harvest, strengthening pest control, and strengthening irrigation and tree cover in dry season.