Leaf protection measures of pear trees after pear fruit harvest

The main target of the orchard after pear harvest is to protect leaves. Whether the leaves can be preserved effectively or not is directly related to whether the stored nutrients of pear trees can meet the nutrient needs of flowering, fruiting and other life activities in the following year. How can we do a good job in leaf protection? According to the work practice of the past few years, give some opinions for reference.

First, the moisturizing work of pear orchard after fruit harvest is very important. Because the wounds of the tree body, such as the mouth of the handle and the falling of some leaves, are caused by different degrees of fruit harvest, it is very easy to volatilize water. Because the pear fruit needs a large amount of effective water supply during ripening, the physiological function of the pear tree concentrates a large amount of available water to supply the fruit, while the fruit is artificially harvested. Under the condition that the pear tree is unprepared, the tree still supplies water to the fruit direction, but leaves a wound because the fruit is harvested. The loss of water from the wound results in water consumption, and usually the leaves of the fruits we see shrink after harvest, which is caused by physiological dehydration. At this time, if the water supply is not up, it is easy to cause a large number of leaves to fall off. In addition, fruit harvest brings about changes in physiological functions, such as lack of water, growth hormone will turn to abscission, resulting in physiological defoliation of pear trees, and when the pear leaf shedding rate reaches about 80%, flower buds and leaf buds transfer from latent state to active state, forming autumn flowering, drawing new buds, and consuming the storage nutrients in the tree, thus affecting the yield of pear fruit in the next year and economic loss. Therefore, after fruit harvest, the moisturizing work of pear orchard is very important.

The second is the things that should be paid attention to in postharvest moisturizing work:

1. No high concentration fertilizer, which is usually called postharvest fertilizer, can not be applied within 20 days after harvest. According to the physiological function of the tree, the recovery period of the vitality of the tree is within 20 days after harvest. When the vitality of the tree is not restored, the application of high concentration fertilizer is not only disadvantageous to the recovery of the tree, but also counterproductive, resulting in the destruction of the normal life activities of the tree, and it is easy to produce physiological fallen leaves. Within 20 days after harvest, individual trees whose trees are too weak can only be poured with water-based rotten human feces and urine with a concentration of not more than 2%, or sprayed with 0.5% urea diluent on the opposite side of the leaves in the morning or evening. In a word, it is better not to use fertilizer before the tree's vitality is recovered. after the tree's vitality is restored, fertilizer must be applied to promote roots and leaves, and increase the storage of nutrients in the same rest, so as to lay the foundation for the next year's harvest.

2. Within 20 days after harvest, there should be no chemical weeding in the orchard before the tree's vitality is restored, especially glyphosate can not be used to spray weeds, because glyphosate weeding mainly destroys the green part of weeds and causes the death of weeds. After weeds are sprayed by glyphosate, the stomata on the leaf surface are enlarged and the water evaporation is large. In order to survive, weeds have to desperately absorb a lot of water from the soil to supplement. In this way, the situation of pear grass competing for water is formed. Secondly, the weeds began to die six to seven days after they were sprayed by glyphosate. After the weeds died, the area of pear orchard topsoil exposed to sunlight increased, and the surface temperature rose rapidly. It is easy to scald the superficial roots of pear trees because of high ground temperature, thus affecting the water absorption of pear trees and causing physiological water loss and defoliation. Therefore, do not remove weeds within 20 days after harvest, and weeding should not be carried out until the pear tree recovers, which is conducive to the success of leaf protection.

3. 15ml within 20 days after harvest, avoid spraying high concentration pesticides at high temperature at noon to avoid scalding leaves.

4. Farmers with postharvest conditions can cover the pear trees with grass, green rice stalks and other straws to promote the moisturizing function of the pear orchard, keep the soil moist, reduce moisture evaporation and promote the success of leaf conservation.