Common pruning methods for planting cherries in courtyard

1. Cut short. Cut off part of the 1-year-old branch, that is, short. According to the degree of truncation, it can be divided into light truncation, medium truncation, heavy truncation and extremely heavy truncation.

(1) Light truncation. That is, cut off the length of the branch which is less than the total length of the branch. In young trees, light truncation is often used, which can ease the growth potential and help to bear fruit earlier. The light truncation of the first fruiting tree is beneficial to both growth and fruiting. For adult trees, in order to ease the growth of strong branches and increase the amount of short branches, light truncation can also be used. For varieties with strong branching ability, such as Da Zi, Zao Zi and so on, light truncation is often used to cultivate uniaxial extension of fruiting branches.

(2) truncation. That is to say, the branch is cut off from the branch 1 to 3, the branch is cut off, and the branch is cut off. During the shaping of young trees, the elongated branches of backbone branches and peripheral developed branches are cut short and medium-long branches can be produced from 5 medium-long branches and 6 foliage branches. The mediocre branches in the inner chamber are truncated, generally 5 medium-long branches and 6 foliage branches can be produced. The mediocre branches in the chamber were truncated, and on the varieties with strong branches (such as Da Zi, etc.), only two medium-long branches and four foliage branches were produced. For fruiting trees, medium and short truncation can enhance the growth potential, make the flower buds full and increase the yield.

(3) heavy truncation. That is to say, the branches are cut off from 1, 2, 3, 4, respectively. Strong and prosperous backbone branches, lengthening branches for heavy truncation can reduce the total growth of the tree. The dorsal superior branch of the backbone branch was heavily truncated, and in the second year, the new shoots were treated according to the method of removing the strong and the weak and the straight and oblique, and the fruiting branch group could be cultivated.

(4) extremely heavy and short. That is to say, more than 4 buds will be left after the branches are cut off, and only 5 buds will be left. When preparing to remove overdense branches or retracted multiple branches, extremely heavy truncation can be adopted. For the branches to be thinned, the basal axillary buds should be left extremely heavy truncated, and the fruiting branches should be thinned after baldness, which not only maintains the yield of the current year, but also enhances the tree potential. The bouquet-like fruiting branches can be cultured by extremely heavy truncation of over-prosperous trees.

2. Throw and release. That is, no pruning of one-year-old branches. After the growth of upright branches is strong, the number of leaf branches increases, the photosynthetic area increases, and the growth increases, which is not conducive to the balance of tree potential and disturbs the shape of the tree. After the middle-growing branches were thrown, the thickening growth was small, the bouquet-like short fruit branches increased, the growth slowed down and the fruit was born earlier.

3. Thinning branches. That is, the branches are cut off from the base. It is mainly used to remove dense auxiliary branches, overgrown branches, weak invalid branches, disease and insect branches and so on. Thinning reduced the number of branches and caused wounds, which had a certain weakening and softening effect on the growth of the whole tree. the larger the thinning branches, the more obvious the weakening and softening effect on the tree potential. Locally, thinning still has the effect of inhibiting the front and promoting the later, that is, thinning weakens the growth of the upper branches of the wound and promotes the growth of the lower branches of the wound.

4. Shearing. That is, to cut off part of the perennial branch. Shearing can restore growth and promote the germination of latent buds and the formation of flower buds. It is mainly used in the rejuvenation of fruiting branches and backbone branches.

5. Pick the heart. That is, before the Lignification of the new shoot, cut off the first part. For the purpose of expanding the crown, increasing branches and cultivating backbone branches, young trees can be coring when the new shoots grow 30--40cm. If you want to cultivate the fruiting branch group, you can carry out two consecutive coring.

6. Pull branches. It is a way to open the branch angle manually. It can weaken the apical dominance, ease the growth potential, increase the germination rate, increase the number of short branches, promote flower formation, and bear fruit earlier. It can also improve the permeability of the inner chamber, prevent the baldness of the inner chamber and the outward movement of the fruiting part, increase the effective fruiting part, and improve the yield and quality.

7. Carve buds and smear Dianzhibao. Cut 1 knife across the top of the bud to reach the xylem. During the shaping period of young trees, carving buds or smearing Diaozhibao on the missing branches can promote the development of new branches and expand the crown. For fruiting trees, different types of fruiting branches and developmental branches could be germinated in the same year by carving buds at the base of 1 Mel-2-year-old branches or smearing on new shoot buds, and the fruiting branches were cultured.

8. Twist the tip. The new semi-lignified tips are twisted and sagging. After twisting, the branches grow slowly and accumulate more nutrients, which is beneficial to the differentiation of flower buds. Twisting should be carried out from late May to early June, twisting erect branches, competitive branches and temporary branches on the back. The degree of distortion should be controlled in the xylem, phloem and some cracks, but do not break.

Pruning should pay attention to the following aspects

The main results are as follows: 1. the method of pruning should be determined according to the characteristics of variety, tree age, tree potential, planting density, cultivation method, cultivation level and so on. In addition, attention should be paid to the reaction after pruning and timely adjustment when problems are found.

2. when thinning branches, do not have too many branches at one time, and when it is necessary to do so, it should be carried out gradually every year to master the right amount at the right time to prevent excessive haste. When thinning large branches, the wound should be smooth without leaving a pile, and the wound should be inclined or facing down. it is most avoided to cut into a "facing scar" wound and apply wound protective agent after disinfection.

3. The twisting part should be carried out at the semi-Lignification of the new shoot. In addition, twisting should be operated by hand and can not be replaced by pliers.

4. Some varieties, such as chicken heart, short handle purple, etc., coring will weaken the number and growth of developing branches, and even form small old trees, which should be paid special attention to.