Shaping and pruning techniques for planting cherries in summer

Coring is the most widely used method in cherry summer pruning, which refers to the removal of top shoots before the new shoots are lignified. Heart-picking of young trees can promote the germination of more branches, reduce the location of branches, rapidly increase the number of branches and leaves, expand the crown, reduce ineffective growth, and promote the formation of flower buds. It can save nutrition, improve fruit setting rate and fruit quality, improve the quality of flower bud formation, reduce vegetative growth and prevent fruit position from moving out. Heart extraction can be divided into mild heart extraction, moderate heart extraction and severe heart extraction. Mild coring is only about removal of the top 5cm, after coring, only 1 or 2 new shoots can germinate and grow, continuous slight coring, and the growth rate is in 10~20cm, which can form fruiting branches. The purpose of moderate coring is to promote multi-branches, when the new shoots grow above 40cm, remove more than 15cm, generally can germinate 3-4 branches. Heavy coring: when the branches grow above 40cm, leaving 15cm around can not only promote branches, but also make the lower buds sprout into short branches or leaf clusters, forming small fruiting branches. The length of coring and retaining branches should be determined according to the planting space of branches and the different uses of branches. Generally, if it is used as a backbone branch, the remaining branch is longer. When the new shoots grow longer, but the remaining branches are shorter, and the coring part is semi-Lignified, it is necessary to use scissors to trim the shoots. The effect of pruning is stronger than that of picking the heart.

The cherry fruit ripens early, and there is no load after harvest. Except for the flower bud formation, the rest of the nutrition is used for the vegetative growth of the tree. The growth potential is strong, and it is easy to produce some overgrown branches and upright shoots, especially after coring is used for some branches. Due to the prematurity of the buds and the stimulation of coring, 3-5 or more new branches will be produced, some of which are not suitable for growth. However, if there is space around, twisting is needed to change the growth direction of these branches, adjust the growth potential and make full use of the space, so twisting is an important method for cherry tree management and shaping and pruning in summer. Compared with peach, apricot and other twisted branches, cherry tree twisting is slightly higher, so it is called twisting. The method of operation is to hold the middle and lower part of the new tip in reverse twist 180 degrees when the new tip is semi-lignified, so that the new tip is horizontal or sagging, causing damage to wood and skin but not breaking. Twisting shoots is beneficial to the formation of flower buds from May to June. Twisting the dorsal branches and introverted branches can effectively weaken the growth potential and increase the number of branchlets. Twist time to grasp, twist too early, new shoots tender, not yet Lignification, easy to break. Twist too late, the new shoot has been Lignification, the cortex and xylem are easy to separate, but also easy to break, often resulting in death from the twisted part.