Techniques for high-yield cultivation of black sesame

There are many varieties of black sesame, Zhongzhi 9, bred by Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, is the first variety. This variety belongs to branch type, yield per mu can reach 58.33 kg. The summer sowing period is 95 days. Seed coat black, 1000-grain weight 2.63 g. The oil content is 47.3% and the protein content is more than 21%. This variety has strong resistance to stem blight and is worth popularizing.

At present, sesame is mainly planted by "double-stem cultivation method". The method comprises the following steps of: mainly removing the tip when the third pair of true leaves of sesame seedlings are half unfolded, enabling axillary buds of the first (or second) pair of true leaves to germinate and grow, and forming double stems. To adopt this method, the following points should be grasped:

1. Before sowing, use 50% carbendazim wettable powder or 40% carbendazim colloidal suspension 8 g, add 0.5 kg of water to make paste and mix well with 0.5 kg of seeds for sowing. Sesame bogey crop, advocate 4 years 2 make system. They always grab good crops and sow early.

2, the appropriate time early sowing master density summer sesame sowing date is not later than June 15, generally the earlier the better. The planting density is 667 meters and 28000~10000 plants.

3. Strictly control the topping time and method. Summer sesame seeds retain 2 pairs of true leaves and 2~3 cm stem nodes above the leaves. For the same field, the true leaf standard is kept consistent, and the topping is completed at one time.

4. Pay attention to supplement fertilizer after topping sesame seeds. In order to prevent defertilization of new branches, appropriate amount of quick-acting fertilizer can be applied; when the second and third pairs of true leaves grow out of the new branches, 100 times of liquid mepiquat or paclobutrazol should be sprayed to prevent late lodging and increase the number of effective capsules.

5, early in the morning to prevent soil waste planting when the first good furrow and ditch, generally 2~2.5 meters wide, furrow depth 0.3 meters, ditch depth 0.4~0.5 meters. Furrows and ridges are set according to the terrain and soil quality, and waist furrows should be prepared in average areas. The seedlings grow 2~3 pairs of true leaves, the row spacing is 36 cm ×12~15 cm, and the weeding is carried out once. When the seedling height is 33 cm, the soil is cultivated in combination with topdressing.

6. Scientific fertilization to prevent diseases and insect pests Due to the short growth time of summer sesame seeds, it is necessary to apply more fertilizer and concentrate, and it is appropriate to apply base fertilizer. Apply about 15 kg ammonium bicarbonate per mu, 30~40 kg phosphate fertilizer and 6~8 kg potassium fertilizer. In the growth period, 3~5 kg urea can be applied per mu to the fields with thin seedlings and weak growth. At jointing stage, 50% iprohydantoin 1000 times solution can be sprayed twice on leaves to prevent angle blight and leaf blight. If aphids occur, imidacloprid spray can be used.