Management techniques for the expansion period of pomegranate

1. Ploughing and weeding. Weeds occur seriously in the orchard in summer, competing with fruit trees for water and fertilizer. Mid-tillage can not only remove weeds (chemical removal can be taken if necessary), but also loosen the soil and prevent soil moisture from evaporating. However, the root activity of fruit trees in this period is exuberant, in order to prevent root damage, the middle ploughing should be shallow, and the depth should be 5-8 cm.

2. Topdressing in the stage of young fruit expansion. This period is the peak of fertilizer demand for fruit trees. Topdressing can promote fruit growth, improve quality, increase single fruit weight, promote flower bud differentiation, enhance photosynthetic accumulation, which is conducive to cold resistance and fruit in the coming year. Adult fruit trees with fruit yield of about 50 kg, plant topdressing compound fertilizer or fruit tree special fertilizer 2.5-3 kg, plus urea 1 kg. If the fruit is hung at about 25kg, the amount of fertilizer will be halved. Hanging fruit in more than 50 kg and the first hanging fruit, according to the situation, reasonable topdressing. In this period, the mixture of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.3% urea was also used for foliar fertilization for 2-3 times to supplement tree nutrition and fruit coloring.

3. Watering in case of drought. In this period, the temperature is high, the evaporation is large, and the fruit volume increases rapidly, and the flower bud begins to differentiate. In order to reduce the competition for water between fruit and flower bud differentiation, water can be watered according to soil moisture during drought, so as to achieve the purpose of rapidly absorbing fertilizer and water by trees and young fruits.

4. Pruning the tree. The main purpose of pruning in this period is to improve the ventilation and light transmission of trees, regulate the transport and distribution of nutrients, adjust the contradiction between growth and fruit, restrain overgrowth, and transform it to flower bud differentiation. The main techniques of pruning are wiping buds, coring, pulling branches, thinning branches and so on.

5. Disease and pest control. The main pest is the peach borer. It directly drills into the fruit, causing bad fruit. The second is tortoise wax scale and so on. The diseases include dry rot, brown spot and so on. To control peach borer, 25% thiazuron 3 gel suspension 1500-2000 times, or 20% fenvalerate 1000-1500 times solution can be used to control peach borer. General prevention and treatment for 3-4 times. When it is cloudy and rainy for a long time, the frequency of prevention and control will be increased. For the control of adult tortoise wax scale, it can be sprayed with 1000-1500 times of 40% speed killing and 1000-1200 times of killing scale. In severe cases, spraying with 800-1000 times liquid has a good effect. For the prevention and control of dry rot and brown spot, 50% carbendazim wettable powder can be used 1000-fold solution or 1-to-1-veg 200-fold Bordeaux solution, once every 15 days, the effect is better.