High-yield cultivation measures of muskmelon

I. sowing date

When planting in the protected field in spring, the temperature in the greenhouse should be stable above 10 ℃, thus pushing forward 30-35 days as the best sowing time.

Second, cultivate strong seedlings

1. Preparation of nutritious soil: rotten barnyard manure, horse manure (or chicken manure) and field topsoil were screened, and 1 part of vermiculite was added according to the proportion of 3:2:4; 0.5kg urea, 5kg calcium superphosphate and 1kg potassium sulfate were added to every cubic meter of nutritious soil, and then sprayed with thiophanate and trichlorfon solution, fully mixed and loaded into 8cm × 8cm seedling bowl to raise seedlings.

2. Soaking seeds to accelerate germination: soaking seeds in 50-55 ℃ warm water, stirring to room temperature, soaking for 4 hours, accelerating germination under 28-30 ℃ for 24 hours and then sowing seeds. Cover the border with plastic film to keep warm and moisturize after sowing.

3. Temperature management: a small arch shed should be set up in the greenhouse to raise seedlings in early spring. The temperature from sowing to seedling emergence is about 30 ℃. When the temperature is higher than 30 ℃, the temperature is shaded and cooled, but it is not suitable to put out wind. After emergence, the temperature was gradually ventilated, and the temperature was about 26-28 ℃ during the day and 22 ℃ at night.

III. Colonization

1. Fertilization: the ratio of base fertilizer to topdressing fertilizer is 2 ∶ 1. Generally, farm manure 2500-5000 kg is applied at 1 hectare (1 mu), and compound fertilizer is applied at every 15 ha at the time of planting.

2. Raise the ground temperature: prepare the ground 7 days before spring cultivation and planting, buckle the plastic film to increase the ground temperature.

3. Planting: muskmelon should not be planted deeply in spring, the soil cover is 1 cm, and the row spacing is 40 cm × 70 cm 75 cm. The planting water in spring should be ditched and watered to avoid lowering the ground temperature, and flood irrigation should be used to cool down in autumn.

4. Temperature management: the temperature should be slightly higher within 3-4 days after planting in spring, but not more than 35 ℃. After slowing down, the temperature gradually dropped, with a temperature of 26-28 ℃ during the day and more than 10% at night.

5. Pruning: single or double vines can be used for pruning, with 1 to 2 fruits per plant. When pruning a single vine, leave melons on the 12-15-node side branches, and the rest of the side branches should be knocked out as soon as possible. At 1-2 days before and after flowering of the female flowers with fruit branches, the main vine retained 23 leaves and 25 leaves to pick the heart. When the two vines are pruned, the seedlings pick the heart of the main vine when they are in five leaves, leaving two lateral vines with the same growth. Leave melons on 10-12-node branches of lateral vines. The best position of retaining melon node is below the middle of the plant. At least 8-10 leaves are retained above the node. As a result, two leaves were left on the branch to pick the heart.

6. Fruit retention: the "Fuhrer" has a good fruit setting, so he only needs auxiliary pollination and must not use hormones. Choose melons when they grow to the size of ping-pong balls. When leaving 2 melons, leave melons with similar node position, growth and size. "Fuzhou" is a mid-early maturing variety. The mature period of protected cultivation in spring is 40 days, and the average single fruit weight is 1.7 kg.

IV. Water and fertilizer management

Slow seedlings should be watered with a little water. Extend the vine water to the right amount, and according to the growth of topdressing, generally apply 25 kg of 1 ∶ 1 diammonium phosphate and urea every 15 ha. The water of swollen melon should be adequate, and 25 kg of diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate should be applied every 15 hectares. In the future, water will be watered according to soil moisture. Do not water the melon within 7-10 days before harvest to prevent cracking.