How to improve the fruit setting rate of muskmelon

First, the reason why the plant is not easy to set fruit.

1. The plants are overgrown or thin. During the growth period of muskmelon, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer or high temperature and humidity in protected cultivation, poor ventilation conditions, plant vegetative growth and reproductive growth can not be coordinated, often resulting in overgrowth or thinness. When growing too long, the growth of stems and leaves consumes a lot of nutrients, the nutrition supplied to flowers and fruits is relatively reduced, and flowers and fruits fall off due to lack of nutrients; if the vegetative growth is too weak, the plant is short, and the accumulation of photosynthates is less, it will also lead to falling flowers and melons.

two。 The lighting condition is poor. Thick-skinned melon has high light saturation point and light compensation point, so it is a crop that needs strong light. When the cultivation density is too high, it is easy to produce insufficient light, which affects the photosynthesis of the plant, which can cause poor growth and weakening of the plant, and then cause melon, which often occurs in winter and spring cultivation.

3. Poor pollination and fertilization. Although the fruiting flower of thick-skinned muskmelon is a complete flower, if there is no artificial pollination, the seed setting rate is low, such as overcast, rainy, low temperature and other bad weather during flowering and fruit setting, which is not conducive to pollination and fertilization and is easy to cause melons. At the same time, the time of artificial pollination must be well controlled, and attention should be paid to the concentration of chemicals and the uniformity of smear during hormone treatment.

4. Diseases and insect pests. The harm of diseases and insect pests will also affect the normal growth and development of plants, resulting in poor growth and development and affecting sitting melons.

II. Measures to improve fruit setting rate

1. Strengthen temperature management. The suitable daytime temperature of muskmelon during fruit setting period is 28 ℃ 30 ℃, lower than 18 ℃ or higher than 32 ℃ is not conducive to pollination, and easy to produce deformed fruit. The suitable temperature at night is 15 ℃ and 18 min. In greenhouse cultivation, temperature management should be strengthened, flowering and melon setting period should be mainly to increase the temperature, at the same time to prevent high temperature and humidity.

two。 Management measures such as pruning and fertilization. Flowering and fruiting period is the period of transformation from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. At this time, field management should be strengthened to coordinate the relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth. No partial application of nitrogen fertilizer should be applied when fertilizing, pruning and branching in time to control the vigorous growth of melon seedlings. If the phenomenon of excessive growth occurs, the method of binding seedlings by pressing the faucet should be adopted in time to restrain the growth of stems and leaves and promote the distribution of nutrients to young melons. If the plant growth is weak, soil topdressing or foliar spraying can be carried out to enhance plant growth and promote flowering.

3. Improve the lighting conditions. It is necessary to master the reasonable cultivation density. In general, the cultivation density of single vine pruning is 2200 plants per 667 square meters of early-maturing varieties and 1500Mel 1800 plants of mid-late-maturing varieties. Under the condition of meeting the temperature requirements, attention should be paid to the improvement of light conditions, drip-free greenhouse film should be used to clean the dust on the surface of the film in time, and the mulch such as grass mulch should be opened early and late to allow the plant to receive as much light as possible.

4. Carry out artificial assisted pollination. Artificial pollination can increase the rate of melon setting. Pollination should pay attention to smear evenly, not too hard, so as not to damage the stigma and ovary. The best pollination time is 9: 00 am, 11: 00 am.

5. Control diseases and insect pests. Common diseases are Fusarium wilt, blight, powdery mildew, etc., pests are mainly aphids, whitefly, etc., it is necessary to achieve integrated control, find diseases and pests in time with chemical control.

6. Hormone treatment at flowering stage. Smear with Zigualing or other plant growth regulators can promote melon sitting. Applying melon fetus on the day of flowering or one day before flowering can increase the melon setting rate of thick-skinned melon which is not easy to set melon to more than 90%, and can also promote the expansion of early fruit. But pay attention to the appropriate concentration, smear evenly.