Management of planting jujube after defoliation

First, increase the application of fertilizer and water

Jujube consumes a lot of nutrients in one year's growth and fruit, which needs to be replenished in time. After the jujube leaves fall, the soil is fertilized before freezing. If it is not applied a year ago, it should be replenished before sprouting in early spring.

Fertilization can be spread or ditched. To spread fertilizer is to spread the manure evenly under the crown and turn it into the soil. Ditch application can be divided into radial ditch application and well-shaped ditch application. Young trees should be applied in radial trenches by digging 8 radial trenches with wide 20--40cm, deep 10--20cm, shallow inside and deep inside, narrow inside and wide outside from the trunk 20cm to the periphery of the crown, and apply ring fertilizer into and cover the soil. The fruit tree was applied with well-shaped ditch, and the trench of 30cm and deep 15--20cm was dug forward under the crown, and the furrow distance was 30cm, applied ring fertilizer, and covered with soil to level off. In the next year, the fertilizer application ditch was excavated from the direction of vertical tree row, and the fertilization ditch formed a well shape in the previous year, in order to increase the fertilizer application area and improve the fertilization effect. The root system of jujube tree is not easy to recover after injury, so we should pay attention to protect the thick root with diameter above 0.5cm when trenching.

The amount of fertilizer application should be determined according to the yield, general fruiting big trees, fresh jujube 10--25kg per plant, circle fertilizer 75--100kg, plus calcium superphosphate 1.5--2.0kg. If base fertilizer is applied in spring, part of nitrogen fertilizer can be added. After fertilization, it should be watered in time, and the amount of irrigation should be watered thoroughly.

Second, flip the plane management belt

Ploughing jujube tree management belt can not only loosen the soil, store rain and snow, but also eliminate overwintering pests under the tree. Turn the plane once in winter and spring, the depth of the plane is 10--20cm.

Third, reasonable pruning

The dense branches in the chamber of jujube trees can easily lead to less fruit and poor quality. The crown should be adjusted by pruning, and the following points should be done when pruning:

1. Cut off the branches that have no fruiting ability or have very low fruiting ability, and remove cross branches, dense branches, overlapping branches and weak branches to facilitate ventilation and light transmission. The length of pruning and retention can be determined by the size of its space, and the perennial branches with large space and promising cultivation prospect can be cultivated into backbone branches.

2. all the dry and dead branches, disease and insect branches should be sawed off, the saw blade should be sawed to the living branch as far as possible, the saw blade should be cut flat, and the paint should be adjusted so as not to continue to crack and rot.

3. The 1-and 2-year-old developmental branches on the backbone branches can be cut according to the size of the space, leaving 6 secondary branches of 4-Murray to form a robust fruiting branch group.

4. The backbone branches of senescence should be retracted, the diameter of the shearing mouth should not exceed 5cm, the upward dormant buds or fruiting mother branches should be left under the shearing mouth, the senile fruiting branches should be fully retracted and sparsely cut, and the more complete branches should be shrunk 1cm 2 or 1pm 3 to promote the formation of new branches.

5. Trees with serious aging should stop raising trees. During the period of nail suspension, measures such as renewed pruning and increased application of fertilizer and water should be taken to speed up the recovery of tree potential.

IV. Eliminate pests on jujube trees

1. Scrape off the bark of old jujube. Scrape off the dry and cracked bark before freezing, burn it centrally or bury it deeply, and eliminate the source of overwintering insects.

2. Thoroughly brush off the tortoise wax scale. Jujube tortoise wax scale (commonly known as tree lice) is one of the main pests of jujube. Because jujube lice overwintered with fertilized females on 1-year-old branches, we should seize the favorable opportunity in winter and brush them out branch by branch.

3. When ploughing the tree tray in winter, pay attention to picking up the overwintering pupae and cocoons in the soil under the tree.