Key points of orchard management after plums are harvested

First, Shi Jianshu fertilizer. After picking, it must be fertilized and irrigated in time so as to restore vitality and strengthen the tree. The fertilizer is mainly available nitrogen fertilizer, and the amount of fertilizer can be determined according to the number of fruit and the strength of the tree.

II. Disease and pest control

1. Peach is a little leafhopper. The peach leafhopper harms the leaves and makes the leaves gray and white in serious cases, resulting in tree weakness and early defoliation, resulting in reduced production or even no harvest in the coming year. The period from August to September is the period when the population of peach leafhopper is the densest and the damage is the most serious. Therefore, after picking, we should attach great importance to the control of leafhoppers: first, spray the whole tree to sterilize and prevent disease, and then kill insects with 1000 times of 50% malathion or 1000 times of 40% EC, so as to effectively inhibit the production and reproduction of eggs.

2. Perforation. Perforation disease harms leaves and branches, and most plum orchards occur, so prevention and control should be carried out in time. Pesticides with 75% chlorothalonil 700 times solution, adding the right amount of new high-fat membrane, can be combined with pest control.

3. Mulberry white scale. The plum orchard harmed by mulberry scale should be controlled 1-2 times in the first ten days of August. The middle of September is the peak period for the occurrence of the third generation nymphs of mulberry scale, so we must do a good job in prevention and control. Pesticides use 1000 times of 40% EC plus 95% of parasite oil emulsion, and add a proper amount of new high-fat membrane to destroy the resistance of diseases and insect pests, so as to achieve a complete insecticidal and disease control effect.

4. Moth and butterfly larvae. The leaf-eating larvae of moths and butterflies should be checked in time after picking, and the harm should be prevented and controlled in time.

5. Red spider. Red spiders are still harmful from August to September, and pesticides can be controlled by 1500 times with 5% Nisolang EC and 2000 times with 73% propargite EC. In orchards with serious damage, appropriate amount of new high lipid membrane should be added to pesticides to improve insecticidal efficiency.

Third, pruning. A pruning should be carried out after picking the fruit, mainly by thinning. To cut off competitive branches, dense branches and growing branches, we should adopt the principle of controlling up and down, controlling the outside and promoting the inside. In particular, the dense branches on the periphery and upper part of the crown must be thinned. For plum trees with too much crown and too many main branches and secondary branches, you can first cut off some of the branches and then prune them. Pruning can reduce the consumption of nutrients, improve the ventilation and light transmission of the crown, improve the ability of photosynthesis, increase the accumulation of nutrients, promote the differentiation of flower buds and improve the quality of flower buds. Lay a good foundation for blooming and fruiting next spring. After pruning, apply tree general lotion on the trimming mouth, disinfect and sterilize, and protect the healthy healing of the wound.

Fourth, turn deeply. A deep somersault must be carried out in September, with a depth of 20ml and 30cm. This can improve the soil, promote the metabolism and in-depth development of roots, improve the absorption capacity of roots, and improve the ability of plum trees to resist drought, barren, diseases and insect pests. It can effectively improve the photosynthetic ability of plum trees in the later stage and enhance the tree potential.

Fifth, apply sufficient base fertilizer. In September, when ploughing deeply, base fertilizer is applied at the same time, which is the key to achieve stable and high yield for the whole year. Deep ploughing combined with base fertilizer can effectively improve the soil and improve the ability of drought resistance. The application of basal fertilizer in autumn can be absorbed and utilized by roots before defoliation, which is beneficial to the recovery of root growth after deep turning, can improve the photosynthetic ability of plum leaves in the later stage, increase the accumulation of nutrients, and is beneficial to the growth and fruit of the coming year.